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Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
|---|---|
| Personen und Körperschaften: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| In: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110, 2013, 32, S. 13198-13203 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
|
| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
Koppolu, Ravi Anwar, Nadia Sakuma, Shun Tagiri, Akemi Lundqvist, Udda Pourkheirandish, Mohammad Rutten, Twan Seiler, Christiane Himmelbach, Axel Ariyadasa, Ruvini Youssef, Helmy Mohamad Stein, Nils Sreenivasulu, Nese Komatsuda, Takao Schnurbusch, Thorsten Koppolu, Ravi Anwar, Nadia Sakuma, Shun Tagiri, Akemi Lundqvist, Udda Pourkheirandish, Mohammad Rutten, Twan Seiler, Christiane Himmelbach, Axel Ariyadasa, Ruvini Youssef, Helmy Mohamad Stein, Nils Sreenivasulu, Nese Komatsuda, Takao Schnurbusch, Thorsten |
|---|---|
| author |
Koppolu, Ravi Anwar, Nadia Sakuma, Shun Tagiri, Akemi Lundqvist, Udda Pourkheirandish, Mohammad Rutten, Twan Seiler, Christiane Himmelbach, Axel Ariyadasa, Ruvini Youssef, Helmy Mohamad Stein, Nils Sreenivasulu, Nese Komatsuda, Takao Schnurbusch, Thorsten |
| spellingShingle |
Koppolu, Ravi Anwar, Nadia Sakuma, Shun Tagiri, Akemi Lundqvist, Udda Pourkheirandish, Mohammad Rutten, Twan Seiler, Christiane Himmelbach, Axel Ariyadasa, Ruvini Youssef, Helmy Mohamad Stein, Nils Sreenivasulu, Nese Komatsuda, Takao Schnurbusch, Thorsten Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley Multidisciplinary |
| author_sort |
koppolu, ravi |
| spelling |
Koppolu, Ravi Anwar, Nadia Sakuma, Shun Tagiri, Akemi Lundqvist, Udda Pourkheirandish, Mohammad Rutten, Twan Seiler, Christiane Himmelbach, Axel Ariyadasa, Ruvini Youssef, Helmy Mohamad Stein, Nils Sreenivasulu, Nese Komatsuda, Takao Schnurbusch, Thorsten 0027-8424 1091-6490 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Multidisciplinary http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1221950110 <jats:p> Inflorescence architecture of barley ( <jats:italic>Hordeum vulgare</jats:italic> L.) is common among the Triticeae species, which bear one to three single-flowered spikelets at each rachis internode. Triple spikelet meristem is one of the unique features of barley spikes, in which three spikelets (one central and two lateral spikelets) are produced at each rachis internode. Fertility of the lateral spikelets at triple spikelet meristem gives row-type identity to barley spikes. Six-rowed spikes show fertile lateral spikelets and produce increased grain yield per spike, compared with two-rowed spikes with sterile lateral spikelets. Thus, far, two loci governing the row-type phenotype were isolated in barley that include <jats:italic>Six-rowed spike1</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>Vrs1</jats:italic> ) and <jats:italic>Intermedium-C</jats:italic> . In the present study, we isolated <jats:italic>Six-rowed spike4</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>Vrs4</jats:italic> ), a barley ortholog of the maize ( <jats:italic>Zea mays</jats:italic> L.) inflorescence architecture gene <jats:italic>RAMOSA2</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>RA2</jats:italic> ). Eighteen coding mutations in barley <jats:italic>RA2</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>HvRA2</jats:italic> ) were specifically associated with lateral spikelet fertility and loss of spikelet determinacy. Expression analyses through mRNA in situ hybridization and microarray showed that <jats:italic>Vrs4</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>HvRA2</jats:italic> ) controls the row-type pathway through <jats:italic>Vrs1</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>HvHox1</jats:italic> ), a negative regulator of lateral spikelet fertility in barley. Moreover, <jats:italic>Vrs4</jats:italic> may also regulate transcripts of barley <jats:italic>SISTER OF RAMOSA3</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>HvSRA</jats:italic> ), a putative trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase involved in trehalose-6-phosphate homeostasis implicated to control spikelet determinacy. Our expression data illustrated that, although RA2 is conserved among different grass species, its down-stream target genes appear to be modified in barley and possibly other species of tribe Triticeae. </jats:p> <i>Six-rowed spike4</i> ( <i>Vrs4</i> ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
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10.1073/pnas.1221950110 |
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Online Free |
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ElectronicArticle |
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013 |
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013 |
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0027-8424 1091-6490 |
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2013 |
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
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49 |
| title |
Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| title_unstemmed |
Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| title_full |
Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| title_fullStr |
Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| title_short |
Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| title_sort |
<i>six-rowed spike4</i>
(
<i>vrs4</i>
) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| topic |
Multidisciplinary |
| url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1221950110 |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| physical |
13198-13203 |
| description |
<jats:p>
Inflorescence architecture of barley (
<jats:italic>Hordeum vulgare</jats:italic>
L.) is common among the Triticeae species, which bear one to three single-flowered spikelets at each rachis internode. Triple spikelet meristem is one of the unique features of barley spikes, in which three spikelets (one central and two lateral spikelets) are produced at each rachis internode. Fertility of the lateral spikelets at triple spikelet meristem gives row-type identity to barley spikes. Six-rowed spikes show fertile lateral spikelets and produce increased grain yield per spike, compared with two-rowed spikes with sterile lateral spikelets. Thus, far, two loci governing the row-type phenotype were isolated in barley that include
<jats:italic>Six-rowed spike1</jats:italic>
(
<jats:italic>Vrs1</jats:italic>
) and
<jats:italic>Intermedium-C</jats:italic>
. In the present study, we isolated
<jats:italic>Six-rowed spike4</jats:italic>
(
<jats:italic>Vrs4</jats:italic>
), a barley ortholog of the maize (
<jats:italic>Zea mays</jats:italic>
L.) inflorescence architecture gene
<jats:italic>RAMOSA2</jats:italic>
(
<jats:italic>RA2</jats:italic>
). Eighteen coding mutations in barley
<jats:italic>RA2</jats:italic>
(
<jats:italic>HvRA2</jats:italic>
) were specifically associated with lateral spikelet fertility and loss of spikelet determinacy. Expression analyses through mRNA in situ hybridization and microarray showed that
<jats:italic>Vrs4</jats:italic>
(
<jats:italic>HvRA2</jats:italic>
) controls the row-type pathway through
<jats:italic>Vrs1</jats:italic>
(
<jats:italic>HvHox1</jats:italic>
), a negative regulator of lateral spikelet fertility in barley. Moreover,
<jats:italic>Vrs4</jats:italic>
may also regulate transcripts of barley
<jats:italic>SISTER OF RAMOSA3</jats:italic>
(
<jats:italic>HvSRA</jats:italic>
), a putative trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase involved in trehalose-6-phosphate homeostasis implicated to control spikelet determinacy. Our expression data illustrated that, although RA2 is conserved among different grass species, its down-stream target genes appear to be modified in barley and possibly other species of tribe Triticeae.
</jats:p> |
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| author | Koppolu, Ravi, Anwar, Nadia, Sakuma, Shun, Tagiri, Akemi, Lundqvist, Udda, Pourkheirandish, Mohammad, Rutten, Twan, Seiler, Christiane, Himmelbach, Axel, Ariyadasa, Ruvini, Youssef, Helmy Mohamad, Stein, Nils, Sreenivasulu, Nese, Komatsuda, Takao, Schnurbusch, Thorsten |
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| description | <jats:p> Inflorescence architecture of barley ( <jats:italic>Hordeum vulgare</jats:italic> L.) is common among the Triticeae species, which bear one to three single-flowered spikelets at each rachis internode. Triple spikelet meristem is one of the unique features of barley spikes, in which three spikelets (one central and two lateral spikelets) are produced at each rachis internode. Fertility of the lateral spikelets at triple spikelet meristem gives row-type identity to barley spikes. Six-rowed spikes show fertile lateral spikelets and produce increased grain yield per spike, compared with two-rowed spikes with sterile lateral spikelets. Thus, far, two loci governing the row-type phenotype were isolated in barley that include <jats:italic>Six-rowed spike1</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>Vrs1</jats:italic> ) and <jats:italic>Intermedium-C</jats:italic> . In the present study, we isolated <jats:italic>Six-rowed spike4</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>Vrs4</jats:italic> ), a barley ortholog of the maize ( <jats:italic>Zea mays</jats:italic> L.) inflorescence architecture gene <jats:italic>RAMOSA2</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>RA2</jats:italic> ). Eighteen coding mutations in barley <jats:italic>RA2</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>HvRA2</jats:italic> ) were specifically associated with lateral spikelet fertility and loss of spikelet determinacy. Expression analyses through mRNA in situ hybridization and microarray showed that <jats:italic>Vrs4</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>HvRA2</jats:italic> ) controls the row-type pathway through <jats:italic>Vrs1</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>HvHox1</jats:italic> ), a negative regulator of lateral spikelet fertility in barley. Moreover, <jats:italic>Vrs4</jats:italic> may also regulate transcripts of barley <jats:italic>SISTER OF RAMOSA3</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>HvSRA</jats:italic> ), a putative trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase involved in trehalose-6-phosphate homeostasis implicated to control spikelet determinacy. Our expression data illustrated that, although RA2 is conserved among different grass species, its down-stream target genes appear to be modified in barley and possibly other species of tribe Triticeae. </jats:p> |
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| spelling | Koppolu, Ravi Anwar, Nadia Sakuma, Shun Tagiri, Akemi Lundqvist, Udda Pourkheirandish, Mohammad Rutten, Twan Seiler, Christiane Himmelbach, Axel Ariyadasa, Ruvini Youssef, Helmy Mohamad Stein, Nils Sreenivasulu, Nese Komatsuda, Takao Schnurbusch, Thorsten 0027-8424 1091-6490 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Multidisciplinary http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1221950110 <jats:p> Inflorescence architecture of barley ( <jats:italic>Hordeum vulgare</jats:italic> L.) is common among the Triticeae species, which bear one to three single-flowered spikelets at each rachis internode. Triple spikelet meristem is one of the unique features of barley spikes, in which three spikelets (one central and two lateral spikelets) are produced at each rachis internode. Fertility of the lateral spikelets at triple spikelet meristem gives row-type identity to barley spikes. Six-rowed spikes show fertile lateral spikelets and produce increased grain yield per spike, compared with two-rowed spikes with sterile lateral spikelets. Thus, far, two loci governing the row-type phenotype were isolated in barley that include <jats:italic>Six-rowed spike1</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>Vrs1</jats:italic> ) and <jats:italic>Intermedium-C</jats:italic> . In the present study, we isolated <jats:italic>Six-rowed spike4</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>Vrs4</jats:italic> ), a barley ortholog of the maize ( <jats:italic>Zea mays</jats:italic> L.) inflorescence architecture gene <jats:italic>RAMOSA2</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>RA2</jats:italic> ). Eighteen coding mutations in barley <jats:italic>RA2</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>HvRA2</jats:italic> ) were specifically associated with lateral spikelet fertility and loss of spikelet determinacy. Expression analyses through mRNA in situ hybridization and microarray showed that <jats:italic>Vrs4</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>HvRA2</jats:italic> ) controls the row-type pathway through <jats:italic>Vrs1</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>HvHox1</jats:italic> ), a negative regulator of lateral spikelet fertility in barley. Moreover, <jats:italic>Vrs4</jats:italic> may also regulate transcripts of barley <jats:italic>SISTER OF RAMOSA3</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>HvSRA</jats:italic> ), a putative trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase involved in trehalose-6-phosphate homeostasis implicated to control spikelet determinacy. Our expression data illustrated that, although RA2 is conserved among different grass species, its down-stream target genes appear to be modified in barley and possibly other species of tribe Triticeae. </jats:p> <i>Six-rowed spike4</i> ( <i>Vrs4</i> ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
| spellingShingle | Koppolu, Ravi, Anwar, Nadia, Sakuma, Shun, Tagiri, Akemi, Lundqvist, Udda, Pourkheirandish, Mohammad, Rutten, Twan, Seiler, Christiane, Himmelbach, Axel, Ariyadasa, Ruvini, Youssef, Helmy Mohamad, Stein, Nils, Sreenivasulu, Nese, Komatsuda, Takao, Schnurbusch, Thorsten, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley, Multidisciplinary |
| title | Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| title_full | Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| title_fullStr | Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| title_full_unstemmed | Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| title_short | Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| title_sort | <i>six-rowed spike4</i> ( <i>vrs4</i> ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| title_unstemmed | Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley |
| topic | Multidisciplinary |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1221950110 |