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Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
|---|---|
| Personen und Körperschaften: | , , , , , , , , , |
| In: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18, 2018, 1, S. 385-403 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
Copernicus GmbH
|
| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
Haslett, Sophie L. Thomas, J. Chris Morgan, William T. Hadden, Rory Liu, Dantong Allan, James D. Williams, Paul I. Keita, Sekou Liousse, Cathy Coe, Hugh Haslett, Sophie L. Thomas, J. Chris Morgan, William T. Hadden, Rory Liu, Dantong Allan, James D. Williams, Paul I. Keita, Sekou Liousse, Cathy Coe, Hugh |
|---|---|
| author |
Haslett, Sophie L. Thomas, J. Chris Morgan, William T. Hadden, Rory Liu, Dantong Allan, James D. Williams, Paul I. Keita, Sekou Liousse, Cathy Coe, Hugh |
| spellingShingle |
Haslett, Sophie L. Thomas, J. Chris Morgan, William T. Hadden, Rory Liu, Dantong Allan, James D. Williams, Paul I. Keita, Sekou Liousse, Cathy Coe, Hugh Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source Atmospheric Science |
| author_sort |
haslett, sophie l. |
| spelling |
Haslett, Sophie L. Thomas, J. Chris Morgan, William T. Hadden, Rory Liu, Dantong Allan, James D. Williams, Paul I. Keita, Sekou Liousse, Cathy Coe, Hugh 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Atmospheric Science http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-385-2018 <jats:p>Abstract. Particulate emissions from biomass burning can both alter the atmosphere's radiative balance and cause significant harm to human health. However, due to the large effect on emissions caused by even small alterations to the way in which a fuel burns, it is difficult to study particulate production of biomass combustion mechanistically and in a repeatable manner. In order to address this gap, in this study, small wood samples sourced from Côte D'Ivoire in West Africa were burned in a highly controlled laboratory environment. The shape and mass of samples, available airflow and surrounding thermal environment were carefully regulated. Organic aerosol and refractory black carbon emissions were measured in real time using an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer and a Single Particle Soot Photometer, respectively. This methodology produced remarkably repeatable results, allowing aerosol emissions to be mapped directly onto different phases of combustion. Emissions from pyrolysis were visible as a distinct phase before flaming was established. After flaming combustion was initiated, a black-carbon-dominant flame was observed during which very little organic aerosol was produced, followed by a period that was dominated by organic-carbon-producing smouldering combustion, despite the presence of residual flaming. During pyrolysis and smouldering, the two phases producing organic aerosol, distinct mass spectral signatures that correspond to previously reported variations in biofuel emissions measured in the atmosphere are found. Organic aerosol emission factors averaged over an entire combustion event were found to be representative of the time spent in the pyrolysis and smouldering phases, rather than reflecting a coupling between emissions and the mass loss of the sample. Further exploration of aerosol yields from similarly carefully controlled fires and a careful comparison with data from macroscopic fires and real-world emissions will help to deliver greater constraints on the variability of particulate emissions in atmospheric systems. </jats:p> Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
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10.5194/acp-18-385-2018 |
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Copernicus GmbH, 2018 |
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Copernicus GmbH, 2018 |
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| title |
Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source |
| title_unstemmed |
Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source |
| title_full |
Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source |
| title_fullStr |
Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source |
| title_short |
Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source |
| title_sort |
highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common african biofuel source |
| topic |
Atmospheric Science |
| url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-385-2018 |
| publishDate |
2018 |
| physical |
385-403 |
| description |
<jats:p>Abstract. Particulate emissions from biomass burning can both alter the atmosphere's radiative
balance and cause significant harm to human health. However, due to the large
effect on emissions caused by even small alterations to the way in which
a fuel burns, it is difficult to study particulate production of biomass
combustion mechanistically and in a repeatable manner. In order to address
this gap, in this study, small wood samples sourced from Côte D'Ivoire in
West Africa were burned in a highly controlled laboratory environment. The
shape and mass of samples, available airflow and surrounding thermal
environment were carefully regulated. Organic aerosol and refractory black
carbon emissions were measured in real time using an Aerosol Mass
Spectrometer and a Single Particle Soot Photometer, respectively. This
methodology produced remarkably repeatable results, allowing aerosol
emissions to be mapped directly onto different phases of combustion.
Emissions from pyrolysis were visible as a distinct phase before flaming was
established. After flaming combustion was initiated, a black-carbon-dominant
flame was observed during which very little organic aerosol was produced,
followed by a period that was dominated by organic-carbon-producing
smouldering combustion, despite the presence of residual flaming. During
pyrolysis and smouldering, the two phases producing organic aerosol, distinct
mass spectral signatures that correspond to previously reported variations in
biofuel emissions measured in the atmosphere are found. Organic aerosol
emission factors averaged over an entire combustion event were found to be
representative of the time spent in the pyrolysis and smouldering phases,
rather than reflecting a coupling between emissions and the mass loss of the
sample. Further exploration of aerosol yields from similarly carefully
controlled fires and a careful comparison with data from macroscopic fires
and real-world emissions will help to deliver greater constraints on the
variability of particulate emissions in atmospheric systems.
</jats:p> |
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| author | Haslett, Sophie L., Thomas, J. Chris, Morgan, William T., Hadden, Rory, Liu, Dantong, Allan, James D., Williams, Paul I., Keita, Sekou, Liousse, Cathy, Coe, Hugh |
| author_facet | Haslett, Sophie L., Thomas, J. Chris, Morgan, William T., Hadden, Rory, Liu, Dantong, Allan, James D., Williams, Paul I., Keita, Sekou, Liousse, Cathy, Coe, Hugh, Haslett, Sophie L., Thomas, J. Chris, Morgan, William T., Hadden, Rory, Liu, Dantong, Allan, James D., Williams, Paul I., Keita, Sekou, Liousse, Cathy, Coe, Hugh |
| author_sort | haslett, sophie l. |
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| description | <jats:p>Abstract. Particulate emissions from biomass burning can both alter the atmosphere's radiative balance and cause significant harm to human health. However, due to the large effect on emissions caused by even small alterations to the way in which a fuel burns, it is difficult to study particulate production of biomass combustion mechanistically and in a repeatable manner. In order to address this gap, in this study, small wood samples sourced from Côte D'Ivoire in West Africa were burned in a highly controlled laboratory environment. The shape and mass of samples, available airflow and surrounding thermal environment were carefully regulated. Organic aerosol and refractory black carbon emissions were measured in real time using an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer and a Single Particle Soot Photometer, respectively. This methodology produced remarkably repeatable results, allowing aerosol emissions to be mapped directly onto different phases of combustion. Emissions from pyrolysis were visible as a distinct phase before flaming was established. After flaming combustion was initiated, a black-carbon-dominant flame was observed during which very little organic aerosol was produced, followed by a period that was dominated by organic-carbon-producing smouldering combustion, despite the presence of residual flaming. During pyrolysis and smouldering, the two phases producing organic aerosol, distinct mass spectral signatures that correspond to previously reported variations in biofuel emissions measured in the atmosphere are found. Organic aerosol emission factors averaged over an entire combustion event were found to be representative of the time spent in the pyrolysis and smouldering phases, rather than reflecting a coupling between emissions and the mass loss of the sample. Further exploration of aerosol yields from similarly carefully controlled fires and a careful comparison with data from macroscopic fires and real-world emissions will help to deliver greater constraints on the variability of particulate emissions in atmospheric systems. </jats:p> |
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| imprint_str_mv | Copernicus GmbH, 2018 |
| institution | DE-Ch1, DE-L229, DE-D275, DE-Bn3, DE-Brt1, DE-D161, DE-Zwi2, DE-Gla1, DE-Zi4, DE-15, DE-Pl11, DE-Rs1, DE-105, DE-14 |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | Haslett, Sophie L. Thomas, J. Chris Morgan, William T. Hadden, Rory Liu, Dantong Allan, James D. Williams, Paul I. Keita, Sekou Liousse, Cathy Coe, Hugh 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Atmospheric Science http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-385-2018 <jats:p>Abstract. Particulate emissions from biomass burning can both alter the atmosphere's radiative balance and cause significant harm to human health. However, due to the large effect on emissions caused by even small alterations to the way in which a fuel burns, it is difficult to study particulate production of biomass combustion mechanistically and in a repeatable manner. In order to address this gap, in this study, small wood samples sourced from Côte D'Ivoire in West Africa were burned in a highly controlled laboratory environment. The shape and mass of samples, available airflow and surrounding thermal environment were carefully regulated. Organic aerosol and refractory black carbon emissions were measured in real time using an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer and a Single Particle Soot Photometer, respectively. This methodology produced remarkably repeatable results, allowing aerosol emissions to be mapped directly onto different phases of combustion. Emissions from pyrolysis were visible as a distinct phase before flaming was established. After flaming combustion was initiated, a black-carbon-dominant flame was observed during which very little organic aerosol was produced, followed by a period that was dominated by organic-carbon-producing smouldering combustion, despite the presence of residual flaming. During pyrolysis and smouldering, the two phases producing organic aerosol, distinct mass spectral signatures that correspond to previously reported variations in biofuel emissions measured in the atmosphere are found. Organic aerosol emission factors averaged over an entire combustion event were found to be representative of the time spent in the pyrolysis and smouldering phases, rather than reflecting a coupling between emissions and the mass loss of the sample. Further exploration of aerosol yields from similarly carefully controlled fires and a careful comparison with data from macroscopic fires and real-world emissions will help to deliver greater constraints on the variability of particulate emissions in atmospheric systems. </jats:p> Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spellingShingle | Haslett, Sophie L., Thomas, J. Chris, Morgan, William T., Hadden, Rory, Liu, Dantong, Allan, James D., Williams, Paul I., Keita, Sekou, Liousse, Cathy, Coe, Hugh, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source, Atmospheric Science |
| title | Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source |
| title_full | Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source |
| title_fullStr | Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source |
| title_full_unstemmed | Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source |
| title_short | Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source |
| title_sort | highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common african biofuel source |
| title_unstemmed | Highly controlled, reproducible measurements of aerosol emissions from combustion of a common African biofuel source |
| topic | Atmospheric Science |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-385-2018 |