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Effects of glucosamine infusion on insulin secretion and insulin action in humans.
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Diabetes |
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| Personen und Körperschaften: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| In: | Diabetes, 49, 2000, 6, S. 926-935 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
American Diabetes Association
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| Schlagwörter: |
| Zusammenfassung: | <jats:p>Glucose toxicity (i.e., glucose-induced reduction in insulin secretion and action) may be mediated by an increased flux through the hexosamine-phosphate pathway. Glucosamine (GlcN) is widely used to accelerate the hexosamine pathway flux, independently of glucose. We tested the hypothesis that GlcN can affect insulin secretion and/or action in humans. In 10 healthy subjects, we sequentially performed an intravenous glucose (plus [2-3H]glucose) tolerance test (IVGTT) and a euglycemic insulin clamp during either a saline infusion or a low (1.6 micromol x min(-1) x kg(-1)) or high (5 micromol x min(-1) x kg(-1) [n = 5]) GlcN infusion. Beta-cell secretion, insulin (SI*-IVGTT), and glucose (SG*) action on glucose utilization during the IVGTT were measured according to minimal models of insulin secretion and action. Infusion of GlcN did not affect readily releasable insulin levels, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), or the time constant of secretion, but it increased both the glucose threshold of GSIS (delta approximately 0.5-0.8 mmol/l, P &lt; 0.03-0.01) and plasma fasting glucose levels (delta approximately 0.3-0.5 mmol/l, P &lt; 0.05-0.02). GlcN did not change glucose utilization or intracellular metabolism (glucose oxidation and glucose storage were measured by indirect calorimetry) during the clamp. However, high levels of GlcN caused a decrease in SI*-IVGTT (delta approximately 30%, P &lt; 0.02) and in SG* (delta approximately 40%, P &lt; 0.05). Thus, in humans, acute GlcN infusion recapitulates some metabolic features of human diabetes. It remains to be determined whether acceleration of the hexosamine pathway can cause insulin resistance at euglycemia in humans.</jats:p> |
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| Umfang: | 926-935 |
| ISSN: |
0012-1797
1939-327X |
| DOI: | 10.2337/diabetes.49.6.926 |