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Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

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Zeitschriftentitel: Diabetes Care
Personen und Körperschaften: Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina, Cederholm, Jan, Nilsson, Peter M., Zethelius, Björn, Svensson, Ann-Marie, Gudbjörnsdóttir, Soffia, Eliasson, Björn
In: Diabetes Care, 33, 2010, 7, S. 1640-1646
Format: E-Article
Sprache: Englisch
veröffentlicht:
American Diabetes Association
Schlagwörter:
Advanced and Specialized Nursing
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Internal Medicine
author_facet Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina
Cederholm, Jan
Nilsson, Peter M.
Zethelius, Björn
Svensson, Ann-Marie
Gudbjörnsdóttir, Soffia
Eliasson, Björn
Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina
Cederholm, Jan
Nilsson, Peter M.
Zethelius, Björn
Svensson, Ann-Marie
Gudbjörnsdóttir, Soffia
Eliasson, Björn
author Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina
Cederholm, Jan
Nilsson, Peter M.
Zethelius, Björn
Svensson, Ann-Marie
Gudbjörnsdóttir, Soffia
Eliasson, Björn
spellingShingle Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina
Cederholm, Jan
Nilsson, Peter M.
Zethelius, Björn
Svensson, Ann-Marie
Gudbjörnsdóttir, Soffia
Eliasson, Björn
Diabetes Care
Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Advanced and Specialized Nursing
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Internal Medicine
author_sort eeg-olofsson, katarina
spelling Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina Cederholm, Jan Nilsson, Peter M. Zethelius, Björn Svensson, Ann-Marie Gudbjörnsdóttir, Soffia Eliasson, Björn 0149-5992 1935-5548 American Diabetes Association Advanced and Specialized Nursing Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Internal Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc10-0398 <jats:sec> <jats:title>OBJECTIVE</jats:title> <jats:p>We assessed the association between A1C and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in an observational study of patients with type 1 diabetes followed for 5 years.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</jats:title> <jats:p>A total of 7,454 patients were studied from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (aged 20–65 years, diabetes duration 1–35 years, followed from 2002 to 2007).</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>RESULTS</jats:title> <jats:p>Hazard ratios (HRs) for fatal/nonfatal coronary heart disease (CHD) per 1% unit increase in baseline or updated mean A1C at Cox regression analysis were 1.31 and 1.34 and 1.26 and 1.32, respectively, for fatal/nonfatal CVD (all P &amp;lt; 0.001 after adjustment for age, sex, diabetes duration, blood pressure, total and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, BMI, smoking, and history of CVD). HRs were only slightly lower for CHD (P = 0.002) and CVD (P = 0.002–0.007) after also adjusting for albuminuria. Adjusted 5-year event rates of CHD and CVD increased progressively with higher A1C, ranging from 5 to 12%, as well as when subgrouped by shorter (1–20 years) or longer (21–35 years) duration of diabetes. A group of 4,186 patients with A1C 5–7.9% (mean 7.2) at baseline showed risk reductions of 41% (95% confidence intervals: 15–60) (P = 0.005) for fatal/nonfatal CHD and 37% (12–55) (P = 0.008) for CVD, compared with 3,268 patients with A1C 8–11.9% (mean 9.0), fully adjusted also for albuminuria.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS</jats:title> <jats:p>This observational study of patients in modern everyday clinical practice demonstrates progressively increasing risks for CHD and CVD with higher A1C, independently of traditional risk factors, with no J-shaped risk curves. A baseline mean A1C of 7.2% showed considerably reduced risks of CHD and CVD compared with A1C 9.0%, emphasizing A1C as a strong independent risk factor in type 1 diabetes.</jats:p> </jats:sec> Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Diabetes Care
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title Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
title_unstemmed Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
title_full Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
title_fullStr Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
title_full_unstemmed Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
title_short Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
title_sort glycemic control and cardiovascular disease in 7,454 patients with type 1 diabetes
topic Advanced and Specialized Nursing
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Internal Medicine
url http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc10-0398
publishDate 2010
physical 1640-1646
description <jats:sec> <jats:title>OBJECTIVE</jats:title> <jats:p>We assessed the association between A1C and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in an observational study of patients with type 1 diabetes followed for 5 years.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</jats:title> <jats:p>A total of 7,454 patients were studied from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (aged 20–65 years, diabetes duration 1–35 years, followed from 2002 to 2007).</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>RESULTS</jats:title> <jats:p>Hazard ratios (HRs) for fatal/nonfatal coronary heart disease (CHD) per 1% unit increase in baseline or updated mean A1C at Cox regression analysis were 1.31 and 1.34 and 1.26 and 1.32, respectively, for fatal/nonfatal CVD (all P &amp;lt; 0.001 after adjustment for age, sex, diabetes duration, blood pressure, total and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, BMI, smoking, and history of CVD). HRs were only slightly lower for CHD (P = 0.002) and CVD (P = 0.002–0.007) after also adjusting for albuminuria. Adjusted 5-year event rates of CHD and CVD increased progressively with higher A1C, ranging from 5 to 12%, as well as when subgrouped by shorter (1–20 years) or longer (21–35 years) duration of diabetes. A group of 4,186 patients with A1C 5–7.9% (mean 7.2) at baseline showed risk reductions of 41% (95% confidence intervals: 15–60) (P = 0.005) for fatal/nonfatal CHD and 37% (12–55) (P = 0.008) for CVD, compared with 3,268 patients with A1C 8–11.9% (mean 9.0), fully adjusted also for albuminuria.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS</jats:title> <jats:p>This observational study of patients in modern everyday clinical practice demonstrates progressively increasing risks for CHD and CVD with higher A1C, independently of traditional risk factors, with no J-shaped risk curves. A baseline mean A1C of 7.2% showed considerably reduced risks of CHD and CVD compared with A1C 9.0%, emphasizing A1C as a strong independent risk factor in type 1 diabetes.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
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author Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina, Cederholm, Jan, Nilsson, Peter M., Zethelius, Björn, Svensson, Ann-Marie, Gudbjörnsdóttir, Soffia, Eliasson, Björn
author_facet Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina, Cederholm, Jan, Nilsson, Peter M., Zethelius, Björn, Svensson, Ann-Marie, Gudbjörnsdóttir, Soffia, Eliasson, Björn, Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina, Cederholm, Jan, Nilsson, Peter M., Zethelius, Björn, Svensson, Ann-Marie, Gudbjörnsdóttir, Soffia, Eliasson, Björn
author_sort eeg-olofsson, katarina
container_issue 7
container_start_page 1640
container_title Diabetes Care
container_volume 33
description <jats:sec> <jats:title>OBJECTIVE</jats:title> <jats:p>We assessed the association between A1C and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in an observational study of patients with type 1 diabetes followed for 5 years.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</jats:title> <jats:p>A total of 7,454 patients were studied from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (aged 20–65 years, diabetes duration 1–35 years, followed from 2002 to 2007).</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>RESULTS</jats:title> <jats:p>Hazard ratios (HRs) for fatal/nonfatal coronary heart disease (CHD) per 1% unit increase in baseline or updated mean A1C at Cox regression analysis were 1.31 and 1.34 and 1.26 and 1.32, respectively, for fatal/nonfatal CVD (all P &amp;lt; 0.001 after adjustment for age, sex, diabetes duration, blood pressure, total and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, BMI, smoking, and history of CVD). HRs were only slightly lower for CHD (P = 0.002) and CVD (P = 0.002–0.007) after also adjusting for albuminuria. Adjusted 5-year event rates of CHD and CVD increased progressively with higher A1C, ranging from 5 to 12%, as well as when subgrouped by shorter (1–20 years) or longer (21–35 years) duration of diabetes. A group of 4,186 patients with A1C 5–7.9% (mean 7.2) at baseline showed risk reductions of 41% (95% confidence intervals: 15–60) (P = 0.005) for fatal/nonfatal CHD and 37% (12–55) (P = 0.008) for CVD, compared with 3,268 patients with A1C 8–11.9% (mean 9.0), fully adjusted also for albuminuria.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS</jats:title> <jats:p>This observational study of patients in modern everyday clinical practice demonstrates progressively increasing risks for CHD and CVD with higher A1C, independently of traditional risk factors, with no J-shaped risk curves. A baseline mean A1C of 7.2% showed considerably reduced risks of CHD and CVD compared with A1C 9.0%, emphasizing A1C as a strong independent risk factor in type 1 diabetes.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
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spelling Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina Cederholm, Jan Nilsson, Peter M. Zethelius, Björn Svensson, Ann-Marie Gudbjörnsdóttir, Soffia Eliasson, Björn 0149-5992 1935-5548 American Diabetes Association Advanced and Specialized Nursing Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Internal Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc10-0398 <jats:sec> <jats:title>OBJECTIVE</jats:title> <jats:p>We assessed the association between A1C and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in an observational study of patients with type 1 diabetes followed for 5 years.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</jats:title> <jats:p>A total of 7,454 patients were studied from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (aged 20–65 years, diabetes duration 1–35 years, followed from 2002 to 2007).</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>RESULTS</jats:title> <jats:p>Hazard ratios (HRs) for fatal/nonfatal coronary heart disease (CHD) per 1% unit increase in baseline or updated mean A1C at Cox regression analysis were 1.31 and 1.34 and 1.26 and 1.32, respectively, for fatal/nonfatal CVD (all P &amp;lt; 0.001 after adjustment for age, sex, diabetes duration, blood pressure, total and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, BMI, smoking, and history of CVD). HRs were only slightly lower for CHD (P = 0.002) and CVD (P = 0.002–0.007) after also adjusting for albuminuria. Adjusted 5-year event rates of CHD and CVD increased progressively with higher A1C, ranging from 5 to 12%, as well as when subgrouped by shorter (1–20 years) or longer (21–35 years) duration of diabetes. A group of 4,186 patients with A1C 5–7.9% (mean 7.2) at baseline showed risk reductions of 41% (95% confidence intervals: 15–60) (P = 0.005) for fatal/nonfatal CHD and 37% (12–55) (P = 0.008) for CVD, compared with 3,268 patients with A1C 8–11.9% (mean 9.0), fully adjusted also for albuminuria.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS</jats:title> <jats:p>This observational study of patients in modern everyday clinical practice demonstrates progressively increasing risks for CHD and CVD with higher A1C, independently of traditional risk factors, with no J-shaped risk curves. A baseline mean A1C of 7.2% showed considerably reduced risks of CHD and CVD compared with A1C 9.0%, emphasizing A1C as a strong independent risk factor in type 1 diabetes.</jats:p> </jats:sec> Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Diabetes Care
spellingShingle Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina, Cederholm, Jan, Nilsson, Peter M., Zethelius, Björn, Svensson, Ann-Marie, Gudbjörnsdóttir, Soffia, Eliasson, Björn, Diabetes Care, Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine
title Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
title_full Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
title_fullStr Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
title_full_unstemmed Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
title_short Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
title_sort glycemic control and cardiovascular disease in 7,454 patients with type 1 diabetes
title_unstemmed Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease in 7,454 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
topic Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine
url http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc10-0398