author_facet Matsushita, Atsuko
Kawasaki, Masashi
Matsushita, Atsuko
Kawasaki, Masashi
author Matsushita, Atsuko
Kawasaki, Masashi
spellingShingle Matsushita, Atsuko
Kawasaki, Masashi
The Journal of Neuroscience
Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus
General Neuroscience
author_sort matsushita, atsuko
spelling Matsushita, Atsuko Kawasaki, Masashi 0270-6474 1529-2401 Society for Neuroscience General Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.3670-05.2005 <jats:p>To perform the jamming avoidance response (JAR), the weakly electric fish<jats:italic>Gymnarchus</jats:italic>detects time disparities on the order of microseconds between electrosensory signals received by electroreceptors in different parts of the body surface. This paper describes time-disparity thresholds of output neurons of the electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL), where the representation of timing information is converted from a time code to a firing-rate code. We recorded extracellular single-unit responses from pyramidal cells in the ELL to sinusoidally modulated time disparity with various depths (0-200 μs). Threshold sensitivity to time disparities measured in 123 units ranged from 0.5 to 100 μs and was ≤5 μs in 60% of the units. The units from pyramidal cells in the inner and outer cell layers of the ELL responded equally well to small time disparities. The neuronal thresholds to time disparities found in the ELL are comparable with those demonstrated in behavioral performance of the JAR. The sensitivity of ELL units to small time disparities was unaffected when the center of the cyclic time-disparity modulation was shifted over a wide range (up to 250 μs), indicating an adaptation mechanism for steady-state time disparities that preserves the sensitivity to small dynamic changes in time disparities. Phase-locked input neurons, which provide time information to the ELL by phase-locked firing of action potentials, did not adapt to steady-state time shifts of sensory signals. This suggests that the adaptation emerges within the ELL.</jats:p> Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System of<i>Gymnarchus niloticus</i> The Journal of Neuroscience
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series The Journal of Neuroscience
source_id 49
title Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus
title_unstemmed Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus
title_full Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus
title_fullStr Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus
title_full_unstemmed Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus
title_short Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus
title_sort neuronal sensitivity to microsecond time disparities in the electrosensory system of<i>gymnarchus niloticus</i>
topic General Neuroscience
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.3670-05.2005
publishDate 2005
physical 11424-11432
description <jats:p>To perform the jamming avoidance response (JAR), the weakly electric fish<jats:italic>Gymnarchus</jats:italic>detects time disparities on the order of microseconds between electrosensory signals received by electroreceptors in different parts of the body surface. This paper describes time-disparity thresholds of output neurons of the electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL), where the representation of timing information is converted from a time code to a firing-rate code. We recorded extracellular single-unit responses from pyramidal cells in the ELL to sinusoidally modulated time disparity with various depths (0-200 μs). Threshold sensitivity to time disparities measured in 123 units ranged from 0.5 to 100 μs and was ≤5 μs in 60% of the units. The units from pyramidal cells in the inner and outer cell layers of the ELL responded equally well to small time disparities. The neuronal thresholds to time disparities found in the ELL are comparable with those demonstrated in behavioral performance of the JAR. The sensitivity of ELL units to small time disparities was unaffected when the center of the cyclic time-disparity modulation was shifted over a wide range (up to 250 μs), indicating an adaptation mechanism for steady-state time disparities that preserves the sensitivity to small dynamic changes in time disparities. Phase-locked input neurons, which provide time information to the ELL by phase-locked firing of action potentials, did not adapt to steady-state time shifts of sensory signals. This suggests that the adaptation emerges within the ELL.</jats:p>
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author Matsushita, Atsuko, Kawasaki, Masashi
author_facet Matsushita, Atsuko, Kawasaki, Masashi, Matsushita, Atsuko, Kawasaki, Masashi
author_sort matsushita, atsuko
container_issue 49
container_start_page 11424
container_title The Journal of Neuroscience
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description <jats:p>To perform the jamming avoidance response (JAR), the weakly electric fish<jats:italic>Gymnarchus</jats:italic>detects time disparities on the order of microseconds between electrosensory signals received by electroreceptors in different parts of the body surface. This paper describes time-disparity thresholds of output neurons of the electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL), where the representation of timing information is converted from a time code to a firing-rate code. We recorded extracellular single-unit responses from pyramidal cells in the ELL to sinusoidally modulated time disparity with various depths (0-200 μs). Threshold sensitivity to time disparities measured in 123 units ranged from 0.5 to 100 μs and was ≤5 μs in 60% of the units. The units from pyramidal cells in the inner and outer cell layers of the ELL responded equally well to small time disparities. The neuronal thresholds to time disparities found in the ELL are comparable with those demonstrated in behavioral performance of the JAR. The sensitivity of ELL units to small time disparities was unaffected when the center of the cyclic time-disparity modulation was shifted over a wide range (up to 250 μs), indicating an adaptation mechanism for steady-state time disparities that preserves the sensitivity to small dynamic changes in time disparities. Phase-locked input neurons, which provide time information to the ELL by phase-locked firing of action potentials, did not adapt to steady-state time shifts of sensory signals. This suggests that the adaptation emerges within the ELL.</jats:p>
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spelling Matsushita, Atsuko Kawasaki, Masashi 0270-6474 1529-2401 Society for Neuroscience General Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.3670-05.2005 <jats:p>To perform the jamming avoidance response (JAR), the weakly electric fish<jats:italic>Gymnarchus</jats:italic>detects time disparities on the order of microseconds between electrosensory signals received by electroreceptors in different parts of the body surface. This paper describes time-disparity thresholds of output neurons of the electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL), where the representation of timing information is converted from a time code to a firing-rate code. We recorded extracellular single-unit responses from pyramidal cells in the ELL to sinusoidally modulated time disparity with various depths (0-200 μs). Threshold sensitivity to time disparities measured in 123 units ranged from 0.5 to 100 μs and was ≤5 μs in 60% of the units. The units from pyramidal cells in the inner and outer cell layers of the ELL responded equally well to small time disparities. The neuronal thresholds to time disparities found in the ELL are comparable with those demonstrated in behavioral performance of the JAR. The sensitivity of ELL units to small time disparities was unaffected when the center of the cyclic time-disparity modulation was shifted over a wide range (up to 250 μs), indicating an adaptation mechanism for steady-state time disparities that preserves the sensitivity to small dynamic changes in time disparities. Phase-locked input neurons, which provide time information to the ELL by phase-locked firing of action potentials, did not adapt to steady-state time shifts of sensory signals. This suggests that the adaptation emerges within the ELL.</jats:p> Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System of<i>Gymnarchus niloticus</i> The Journal of Neuroscience
spellingShingle Matsushita, Atsuko, Kawasaki, Masashi, The Journal of Neuroscience, Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus, General Neuroscience
title Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus
title_full Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus
title_fullStr Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus
title_full_unstemmed Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus
title_short Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus
title_sort neuronal sensitivity to microsecond time disparities in the electrosensory system of<i>gymnarchus niloticus</i>
title_unstemmed Neuronal Sensitivity to Microsecond Time Disparities in the Electrosensory System ofGymnarchus niloticus
topic General Neuroscience
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.3670-05.2005