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Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Tropical Medicine & International Health |
|---|---|
| Personen und Körperschaften: | , , , , |
| In: | Tropical Medicine & International Health, 18, 2013, 2, S. 159-165 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
Wiley
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| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
Lindsay, T. C. Jawara, M. D'Alessandro, U. Pinder, M. Lindsay, S. W. Lindsay, T. C. Jawara, M. D'Alessandro, U. Pinder, M. Lindsay, S. W. |
|---|---|
| author |
Lindsay, T. C. Jawara, M. D'Alessandro, U. Pinder, M. Lindsay, S. W. |
| spellingShingle |
Lindsay, T. C. Jawara, M. D'Alessandro, U. Pinder, M. Lindsay, S. W. Tropical Medicine & International Health Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia Infectious Diseases Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Parasitology |
| author_sort |
lindsay, t. c. |
| spelling |
Lindsay, T. C. Jawara, M. D'Alessandro, U. Pinder, M. Lindsay, S. W. 1360-2276 1365-3156 Wiley Infectious Diseases Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Parasitology http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12033 <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To explore ways of controlling <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">C</jats:styled-content>hrysomya putoria</jats:italic>, the <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">A</jats:styled-content>frican latrine fly, in pit latrines. As pit latrines are a major source of these flies, eliminating these important breeding sites is likely to reduce village fly populations, and may reduce the spread of diarrhoeal pathogens.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>We treated 24 latrines in a <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">G</jats:styled-content>ambian village: six each with (i) pyriproxyfen, an insect juvenile hormone mimic formulated as <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">S</jats:styled-content>umilarv<jats:sup>®</jats:sup> 0.5G, a 0.5% pyriproxyfen granule, (ii) expanded polystyrene beads (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">EPB</jats:styled-content>), (iii) local soap or (iv) no treatment as controls. Flies were collected using exit traps placed over the drop holes, weekly for five weeks. In a separate study, we tested whether latrines also function as efficient flytraps using the faecal odours as attractants. We constructed six pit latrines each with a built‐in flytrap and tested their catching efficiency compared to six fish‐baited box traps positioned 10 m from the latrine. Focus group discussions conducted afterwards assessed the acceptability of the flytrap latrines.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Numbers of emerging <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">C</jats:styled-content>. putoria</jats:italic> were reduced by 96.0% (95% <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CI</jats:styled-content>s: 94.5–97.2%) 4–5 weeks after treatment with pyriproxyfen; by 64.2% (95% <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CI</jats:styled-content>s: 51.8–73.5%) after treatment with local soap; by 41.3% (95% <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CI</jats:styled-content>s = 24.0–54.7%) after treatment with <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">EPB</jats:styled-content> 3–5 weeks after treatment. Flytraps placed on latrines collected <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">C</jats:styled-content>. putoria</jats:italic> and were deemed acceptable to local communities.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Sumilarv 0.5G shows promise as a chemical control agent, whilst odour‐baited latrine traps may prove a useful method of non‐chemical fly control. Both methods warrant further development to reduce fly production from pit latrines. A combination of interventions may prove effective for the control of latrine flies and the diseases they transmit.</jats:p></jats:sec> Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of <i><scp>C</scp>hrysomya putoria</i>, the <scp>A</scp>frican latrine fly, in pit latrines in The <scp>G</scp>ambia Tropical Medicine & International Health |
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Wiley, 2013 |
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Wiley, 2013 |
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2013 |
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Tropical Medicine & International Health |
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| title |
Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia |
| title_unstemmed |
Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia |
| title_full |
Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia |
| title_fullStr |
Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia |
| title_short |
Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia |
| title_sort |
preliminary studies developing methods for the control of <i><scp>c</scp>hrysomya putoria</i>, the <scp>a</scp>frican latrine fly, in pit latrines in the <scp>g</scp>ambia |
| topic |
Infectious Diseases Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Parasitology |
| url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12033 |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| physical |
159-165 |
| description |
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To explore ways of controlling <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">C</jats:styled-content>hrysomya putoria</jats:italic>, the <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">A</jats:styled-content>frican latrine fly, in pit latrines. As pit latrines are a major source of these flies, eliminating these important breeding sites is likely to reduce village fly populations, and may reduce the spread of diarrhoeal pathogens.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>We treated 24 latrines in a <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">G</jats:styled-content>ambian village: six each with (i) pyriproxyfen, an insect juvenile hormone mimic formulated as <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">S</jats:styled-content>umilarv<jats:sup>®</jats:sup> 0.5G, a 0.5% pyriproxyfen granule, (ii) expanded polystyrene beads (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">EPB</jats:styled-content>), (iii) local soap or (iv) no treatment as controls. Flies were collected using exit traps placed over the drop holes, weekly for five weeks. In a separate study, we tested whether latrines also function as efficient flytraps using the faecal odours as attractants. We constructed six pit latrines each with a built‐in flytrap and tested their catching efficiency compared to six fish‐baited box traps positioned 10 m from the latrine. Focus group discussions conducted afterwards assessed the acceptability of the flytrap latrines.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Numbers of emerging <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">C</jats:styled-content>. putoria</jats:italic> were reduced by 96.0% (95% <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CI</jats:styled-content>s: 94.5–97.2%) 4–5 weeks after treatment with pyriproxyfen; by 64.2% (95% <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CI</jats:styled-content>s: 51.8–73.5%) after treatment with local soap; by 41.3% (95% <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CI</jats:styled-content>s = 24.0–54.7%) after treatment with <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">EPB</jats:styled-content> 3–5 weeks after treatment. Flytraps placed on latrines collected <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">C</jats:styled-content>. putoria</jats:italic> and were deemed acceptable to local communities.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Sumilarv 0.5G shows promise as a chemical control agent, whilst odour‐baited latrine traps may prove a useful method of non‐chemical fly control. Both methods warrant further development to reduce fly production from pit latrines. A combination of interventions may prove effective for the control of latrine flies and the diseases they transmit.</jats:p></jats:sec> |
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| author | Lindsay, T. C., Jawara, M., D'Alessandro, U., Pinder, M., Lindsay, S. W. |
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| description | <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To explore ways of controlling <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">C</jats:styled-content>hrysomya putoria</jats:italic>, the <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">A</jats:styled-content>frican latrine fly, in pit latrines. As pit latrines are a major source of these flies, eliminating these important breeding sites is likely to reduce village fly populations, and may reduce the spread of diarrhoeal pathogens.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>We treated 24 latrines in a <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">G</jats:styled-content>ambian village: six each with (i) pyriproxyfen, an insect juvenile hormone mimic formulated as <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">S</jats:styled-content>umilarv<jats:sup>®</jats:sup> 0.5G, a 0.5% pyriproxyfen granule, (ii) expanded polystyrene beads (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">EPB</jats:styled-content>), (iii) local soap or (iv) no treatment as controls. Flies were collected using exit traps placed over the drop holes, weekly for five weeks. In a separate study, we tested whether latrines also function as efficient flytraps using the faecal odours as attractants. We constructed six pit latrines each with a built‐in flytrap and tested their catching efficiency compared to six fish‐baited box traps positioned 10 m from the latrine. Focus group discussions conducted afterwards assessed the acceptability of the flytrap latrines.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Numbers of emerging <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">C</jats:styled-content>. putoria</jats:italic> were reduced by 96.0% (95% <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CI</jats:styled-content>s: 94.5–97.2%) 4–5 weeks after treatment with pyriproxyfen; by 64.2% (95% <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CI</jats:styled-content>s: 51.8–73.5%) after treatment with local soap; by 41.3% (95% <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CI</jats:styled-content>s = 24.0–54.7%) after treatment with <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">EPB</jats:styled-content> 3–5 weeks after treatment. Flytraps placed on latrines collected <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">C</jats:styled-content>. putoria</jats:italic> and were deemed acceptable to local communities.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Sumilarv 0.5G shows promise as a chemical control agent, whilst odour‐baited latrine traps may prove a useful method of non‐chemical fly control. Both methods warrant further development to reduce fly production from pit latrines. A combination of interventions may prove effective for the control of latrine flies and the diseases they transmit.</jats:p></jats:sec> |
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| spelling | Lindsay, T. C. Jawara, M. D'Alessandro, U. Pinder, M. Lindsay, S. W. 1360-2276 1365-3156 Wiley Infectious Diseases Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Parasitology http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12033 <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To explore ways of controlling <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">C</jats:styled-content>hrysomya putoria</jats:italic>, the <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">A</jats:styled-content>frican latrine fly, in pit latrines. As pit latrines are a major source of these flies, eliminating these important breeding sites is likely to reduce village fly populations, and may reduce the spread of diarrhoeal pathogens.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>We treated 24 latrines in a <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">G</jats:styled-content>ambian village: six each with (i) pyriproxyfen, an insect juvenile hormone mimic formulated as <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">S</jats:styled-content>umilarv<jats:sup>®</jats:sup> 0.5G, a 0.5% pyriproxyfen granule, (ii) expanded polystyrene beads (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">EPB</jats:styled-content>), (iii) local soap or (iv) no treatment as controls. Flies were collected using exit traps placed over the drop holes, weekly for five weeks. In a separate study, we tested whether latrines also function as efficient flytraps using the faecal odours as attractants. We constructed six pit latrines each with a built‐in flytrap and tested their catching efficiency compared to six fish‐baited box traps positioned 10 m from the latrine. Focus group discussions conducted afterwards assessed the acceptability of the flytrap latrines.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Numbers of emerging <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">C</jats:styled-content>. putoria</jats:italic> were reduced by 96.0% (95% <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CI</jats:styled-content>s: 94.5–97.2%) 4–5 weeks after treatment with pyriproxyfen; by 64.2% (95% <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CI</jats:styled-content>s: 51.8–73.5%) after treatment with local soap; by 41.3% (95% <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CI</jats:styled-content>s = 24.0–54.7%) after treatment with <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">EPB</jats:styled-content> 3–5 weeks after treatment. Flytraps placed on latrines collected <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">C</jats:styled-content>. putoria</jats:italic> and were deemed acceptable to local communities.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Sumilarv 0.5G shows promise as a chemical control agent, whilst odour‐baited latrine traps may prove a useful method of non‐chemical fly control. Both methods warrant further development to reduce fly production from pit latrines. A combination of interventions may prove effective for the control of latrine flies and the diseases they transmit.</jats:p></jats:sec> Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of <i><scp>C</scp>hrysomya putoria</i>, the <scp>A</scp>frican latrine fly, in pit latrines in The <scp>G</scp>ambia Tropical Medicine & International Health |
| spellingShingle | Lindsay, T. C., Jawara, M., D'Alessandro, U., Pinder, M., Lindsay, S. W., Tropical Medicine & International Health, Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia, Infectious Diseases, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Parasitology |
| title | Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia |
| title_full | Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia |
| title_fullStr | Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia |
| title_short | Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia |
| title_sort | preliminary studies developing methods for the control of <i><scp>c</scp>hrysomya putoria</i>, the <scp>a</scp>frican latrine fly, in pit latrines in the <scp>g</scp>ambia |
| title_unstemmed | Preliminary studies developing methods for the control of Chrysomya putoria, the African latrine fly, in pit latrines in The Gambia |
| topic | Infectious Diseases, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Parasitology |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12033 |