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Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Global Biogeochemical Cycles |
|---|---|
| Personen und Körperschaften: | , , , , |
| In: | Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 33, 2019, 2, S. 110-124 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
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| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
Ito, Takamitsu Long, Matthew C. Deutsch, Curtis Minobe, Shoshiro Sun, Daoxun Ito, Takamitsu Long, Matthew C. Deutsch, Curtis Minobe, Shoshiro Sun, Daoxun |
|---|---|
| author |
Ito, Takamitsu Long, Matthew C. Deutsch, Curtis Minobe, Shoshiro Sun, Daoxun |
| spellingShingle |
Ito, Takamitsu Long, Matthew C. Deutsch, Curtis Minobe, Shoshiro Sun, Daoxun Global Biogeochemical Cycles Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific Atmospheric Science General Environmental Science Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change |
| author_sort |
ito, takamitsu |
| spelling |
Ito, Takamitsu Long, Matthew C. Deutsch, Curtis Minobe, Shoshiro Sun, Daoxun 0886-6236 1944-9224 American Geophysical Union (AGU) Atmospheric Science General Environmental Science Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018gb005987 <jats:p>This study investigates the mechanisms of interannual and decadal variability of dissolved oxygen (O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) in the North Pacific using historical observations and a hindcast simulation using the Community Earth System Model. The simulated variability of upper ocean (200 m) O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> is moderately correlated with observations where sampling density is relatively high. The dominant mode of O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability explains 24.8% of the variance and is significantly correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.68). Two primary mechanisms are hypothesized by which the PDO controls upper ocean O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability. Vertical movement of isopycnals (“heave”) drives O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variations in the deep tropics; isopycnal surfaces are depressed in the eastern tropics under the positive (El Niño‐like) phase of PDO, leading to O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> increases in the upper water column. In contrast to the tropics, changes in subduction are the primary control on extratropical O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability. These hypotheses are tested by contrasting O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> anomalies with the heave‐induced component of variability calculated from potential density anomalies. Isopycnal heave is the leading control on O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability in the tropics, but heave alone cannot fully explain the amplitude of tropical O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability, likely indicating reinforcing changes from the biological O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> consumption. Midlatitude O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability indeed reflects ocean ventilation downstream of the subduction region where O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> anomalies are correlated with the depth of winter mixed layer. These mechanisms, synchronized with the PDO, yield a basin‐scale pattern of O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability that are comparable in magnitude to the projected rates of ocean deoxygenation in this century under “unchecked” emission scenario.</jats:p> Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific Global Biogeochemical Cycles |
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| title |
Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific |
| title_unstemmed |
Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific |
| title_full |
Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific |
| title_fullStr |
Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific |
| title_short |
Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific |
| title_sort |
mechanisms of low‐frequency oxygen variability in the north pacific |
| topic |
Atmospheric Science General Environmental Science Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change |
| url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018gb005987 |
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2019 |
| physical |
110-124 |
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<jats:p>This study investigates the mechanisms of interannual and decadal variability of dissolved oxygen (O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) in the North Pacific using historical observations and a hindcast simulation using the Community Earth System Model. The simulated variability of upper ocean (200 m) O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> is moderately correlated with observations where sampling density is relatively high. The dominant mode of O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability explains 24.8% of the variance and is significantly correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.68). Two primary mechanisms are hypothesized by which the PDO controls upper ocean O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability. Vertical movement of isopycnals (“heave”) drives O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variations in the deep tropics; isopycnal surfaces are depressed in the eastern tropics under the positive (El Niño‐like) phase of PDO, leading to O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> increases in the upper water column. In contrast to the tropics, changes in subduction are the primary control on extratropical O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability. These hypotheses are tested by contrasting O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> anomalies with the heave‐induced component of variability calculated from potential density anomalies. Isopycnal heave is the leading control on O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability in the tropics, but heave alone cannot fully explain the amplitude of tropical O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability, likely indicating reinforcing changes from the biological O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> consumption. Midlatitude O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability indeed reflects ocean ventilation downstream of the subduction region where O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> anomalies are correlated with the depth of winter mixed layer. These mechanisms, synchronized with the PDO, yield a basin‐scale pattern of O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability that are comparable in magnitude to the projected rates of ocean deoxygenation in this century under “unchecked” emission scenario.</jats:p> |
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| author | Ito, Takamitsu, Long, Matthew C., Deutsch, Curtis, Minobe, Shoshiro, Sun, Daoxun |
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| description | <jats:p>This study investigates the mechanisms of interannual and decadal variability of dissolved oxygen (O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) in the North Pacific using historical observations and a hindcast simulation using the Community Earth System Model. The simulated variability of upper ocean (200 m) O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> is moderately correlated with observations where sampling density is relatively high. The dominant mode of O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability explains 24.8% of the variance and is significantly correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.68). Two primary mechanisms are hypothesized by which the PDO controls upper ocean O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability. Vertical movement of isopycnals (“heave”) drives O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variations in the deep tropics; isopycnal surfaces are depressed in the eastern tropics under the positive (El Niño‐like) phase of PDO, leading to O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> increases in the upper water column. In contrast to the tropics, changes in subduction are the primary control on extratropical O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability. These hypotheses are tested by contrasting O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> anomalies with the heave‐induced component of variability calculated from potential density anomalies. Isopycnal heave is the leading control on O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability in the tropics, but heave alone cannot fully explain the amplitude of tropical O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability, likely indicating reinforcing changes from the biological O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> consumption. Midlatitude O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability indeed reflects ocean ventilation downstream of the subduction region where O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> anomalies are correlated with the depth of winter mixed layer. These mechanisms, synchronized with the PDO, yield a basin‐scale pattern of O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability that are comparable in magnitude to the projected rates of ocean deoxygenation in this century under “unchecked” emission scenario.</jats:p> |
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| spelling | Ito, Takamitsu Long, Matthew C. Deutsch, Curtis Minobe, Shoshiro Sun, Daoxun 0886-6236 1944-9224 American Geophysical Union (AGU) Atmospheric Science General Environmental Science Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018gb005987 <jats:p>This study investigates the mechanisms of interannual and decadal variability of dissolved oxygen (O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) in the North Pacific using historical observations and a hindcast simulation using the Community Earth System Model. The simulated variability of upper ocean (200 m) O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> is moderately correlated with observations where sampling density is relatively high. The dominant mode of O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability explains 24.8% of the variance and is significantly correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.68). Two primary mechanisms are hypothesized by which the PDO controls upper ocean O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability. Vertical movement of isopycnals (“heave”) drives O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variations in the deep tropics; isopycnal surfaces are depressed in the eastern tropics under the positive (El Niño‐like) phase of PDO, leading to O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> increases in the upper water column. In contrast to the tropics, changes in subduction are the primary control on extratropical O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability. These hypotheses are tested by contrasting O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> anomalies with the heave‐induced component of variability calculated from potential density anomalies. Isopycnal heave is the leading control on O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability in the tropics, but heave alone cannot fully explain the amplitude of tropical O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability, likely indicating reinforcing changes from the biological O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> consumption. Midlatitude O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability indeed reflects ocean ventilation downstream of the subduction region where O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> anomalies are correlated with the depth of winter mixed layer. These mechanisms, synchronized with the PDO, yield a basin‐scale pattern of O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> variability that are comparable in magnitude to the projected rates of ocean deoxygenation in this century under “unchecked” emission scenario.</jats:p> Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific Global Biogeochemical Cycles |
| spellingShingle | Ito, Takamitsu, Long, Matthew C., Deutsch, Curtis, Minobe, Shoshiro, Sun, Daoxun, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific, Atmospheric Science, General Environmental Science, Environmental Chemistry, Global and Planetary Change |
| title | Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific |
| title_full | Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific |
| title_fullStr | Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific |
| title_short | Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific |
| title_sort | mechanisms of low‐frequency oxygen variability in the north pacific |
| title_unstemmed | Mechanisms of Low‐Frequency Oxygen Variability in the North Pacific |
| topic | Atmospheric Science, General Environmental Science, Environmental Chemistry, Global and Planetary Change |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018gb005987 |