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Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
|---|---|
| Personen und Körperschaften: | , |
| In: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 111, 2006, D13 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
|
| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
Wu, Y. F. Xu, Jiyao Wu, Y. F. Xu, Jiyao |
|---|---|
| author |
Wu, Y. F. Xu, Jiyao |
| spellingShingle |
Wu, Y. F. Xu, Jiyao Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models Paleontology Space and Planetary Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology Ecology Aquatic Science Forestry Oceanography Geophysics |
| author_sort |
wu, y. f. |
| spelling |
Wu, Y. F. Xu, Jiyao 0148-0227 American Geophysical Union (AGU) Paleontology Space and Planetary Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology Ecology Aquatic Science Forestry Oceanography Geophysics http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005jd006065 <jats:p>We present vertical wave number spectra of wind fluctuations using data with a height resolution of 25 m observed near the mesopause by 64 chaff rockets. Direct measurement of Brunt‐Väisälä frequency allows accurate calculations of spectral amplitude and local Richardson number. Individual vertical wave number spectra reveal considerable variability in both slope and amplitude, which is not consistent with the predictions of various saturation models. Mean vertical wave number spectra observed at different locations and seasons show great similarities. While the spectral amplitude predicted by the linear saturation model or saturated‐cascade model is comparable to the spectral amplitude of the observed mean spectrum, those spectral amplitudes predicted by other saturation models are larger than the observed mean amplitude within a factor of 3. However, mean vertical wave number spectra observed at 69°N exhibit significant seasonal variation with a shallower slope of −2.40 and a larger spectral amplitude of 2.6 × 10<jats:sup>5</jats:sup> (m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>/s<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>)/(cyc/m) at <jats:italic>m</jats:italic> = 1/(4 km) in winter compared to that spectrum observed in summer. Very large mean wind shears, as high as 42–77 m/s/km, are observed to be present at several heights near the mesopause. Such strong mean shear profiles, together with the Brunt‐Väisälä frequency squared N<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> profiles, act collectively to produce dynamical instability regions of local Richardson number <jats:italic>Ri</jats:italic> smaller than 0.25. These regions are found to correlate well with the saturated gravity wave spectra. In contrast, the stable region of local Richardson number <jats:italic>Ri</jats:italic> larger than 0.4 observed at high latitude in winter is found to associate with an unsaturated gravity wave spectrum.</jats:p> Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
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10.1029/2005jd006065 |
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Online Free |
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Technik Geologie und Paläontologie Geographie Chemie und Pharmazie Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft Biologie Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft Physik |
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American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2006 |
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American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2006 |
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| title |
Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| title_unstemmed |
Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| title_full |
Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| title_fullStr |
Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| title_short |
Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| title_sort |
comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| topic |
Paleontology Space and Planetary Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology Ecology Aquatic Science Forestry Oceanography Geophysics |
| url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005jd006065 |
| publishDate |
2006 |
| physical |
|
| description |
<jats:p>We present vertical wave number spectra of wind fluctuations using data with a height resolution of 25 m observed near the mesopause by 64 chaff rockets. Direct measurement of Brunt‐Väisälä frequency allows accurate calculations of spectral amplitude and local Richardson number. Individual vertical wave number spectra reveal considerable variability in both slope and amplitude, which is not consistent with the predictions of various saturation models. Mean vertical wave number spectra observed at different locations and seasons show great similarities. While the spectral amplitude predicted by the linear saturation model or saturated‐cascade model is comparable to the spectral amplitude of the observed mean spectrum, those spectral amplitudes predicted by other saturation models are larger than the observed mean amplitude within a factor of 3. However, mean vertical wave number spectra observed at 69°N exhibit significant seasonal variation with a shallower slope of −2.40 and a larger spectral amplitude of 2.6 × 10<jats:sup>5</jats:sup> (m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>/s<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>)/(cyc/m) at <jats:italic>m</jats:italic> = 1/(4 km) in winter compared to that spectrum observed in summer. Very large mean wind shears, as high as 42–77 m/s/km, are observed to be present at several heights near the mesopause. Such strong mean shear profiles, together with the Brunt‐Väisälä frequency squared N<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> profiles, act collectively to produce dynamical instability regions of local Richardson number <jats:italic>Ri</jats:italic> smaller than 0.25. These regions are found to correlate well with the saturated gravity wave spectra. In contrast, the stable region of local Richardson number <jats:italic>Ri</jats:italic> larger than 0.4 observed at high latitude in winter is found to associate with an unsaturated gravity wave spectrum.</jats:p> |
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| author | Wu, Y. F., Xu, Jiyao |
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| description | <jats:p>We present vertical wave number spectra of wind fluctuations using data with a height resolution of 25 m observed near the mesopause by 64 chaff rockets. Direct measurement of Brunt‐Väisälä frequency allows accurate calculations of spectral amplitude and local Richardson number. Individual vertical wave number spectra reveal considerable variability in both slope and amplitude, which is not consistent with the predictions of various saturation models. Mean vertical wave number spectra observed at different locations and seasons show great similarities. While the spectral amplitude predicted by the linear saturation model or saturated‐cascade model is comparable to the spectral amplitude of the observed mean spectrum, those spectral amplitudes predicted by other saturation models are larger than the observed mean amplitude within a factor of 3. However, mean vertical wave number spectra observed at 69°N exhibit significant seasonal variation with a shallower slope of −2.40 and a larger spectral amplitude of 2.6 × 10<jats:sup>5</jats:sup> (m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>/s<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>)/(cyc/m) at <jats:italic>m</jats:italic> = 1/(4 km) in winter compared to that spectrum observed in summer. Very large mean wind shears, as high as 42–77 m/s/km, are observed to be present at several heights near the mesopause. Such strong mean shear profiles, together with the Brunt‐Väisälä frequency squared N<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> profiles, act collectively to produce dynamical instability regions of local Richardson number <jats:italic>Ri</jats:italic> smaller than 0.25. These regions are found to correlate well with the saturated gravity wave spectra. In contrast, the stable region of local Richardson number <jats:italic>Ri</jats:italic> larger than 0.4 observed at high latitude in winter is found to associate with an unsaturated gravity wave spectrum.</jats:p> |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1029/2005jd006065 |
| facet_avail | Online, Free |
| finc_class_facet | Technik, Geologie und Paläontologie, Geographie, Chemie und Pharmazie, Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft, Biologie, Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft, Physik |
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| imprint | American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2006 |
| imprint_str_mv | American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2006 |
| institution | DE-15, DE-Pl11, DE-Rs1, DE-105, DE-14, DE-Ch1, DE-L229, DE-D275, DE-Bn3, DE-Brt1, DE-Zwi2, DE-D161, DE-Gla1, DE-Zi4 |
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| mega_collection | American Geophysical Union (AGU) (CrossRef) |
| physical | |
| publishDate | 2006 |
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| publisher | American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
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| series | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
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| spelling | Wu, Y. F. Xu, Jiyao 0148-0227 American Geophysical Union (AGU) Paleontology Space and Planetary Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology Ecology Aquatic Science Forestry Oceanography Geophysics http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005jd006065 <jats:p>We present vertical wave number spectra of wind fluctuations using data with a height resolution of 25 m observed near the mesopause by 64 chaff rockets. Direct measurement of Brunt‐Väisälä frequency allows accurate calculations of spectral amplitude and local Richardson number. Individual vertical wave number spectra reveal considerable variability in both slope and amplitude, which is not consistent with the predictions of various saturation models. Mean vertical wave number spectra observed at different locations and seasons show great similarities. While the spectral amplitude predicted by the linear saturation model or saturated‐cascade model is comparable to the spectral amplitude of the observed mean spectrum, those spectral amplitudes predicted by other saturation models are larger than the observed mean amplitude within a factor of 3. However, mean vertical wave number spectra observed at 69°N exhibit significant seasonal variation with a shallower slope of −2.40 and a larger spectral amplitude of 2.6 × 10<jats:sup>5</jats:sup> (m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>/s<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>)/(cyc/m) at <jats:italic>m</jats:italic> = 1/(4 km) in winter compared to that spectrum observed in summer. Very large mean wind shears, as high as 42–77 m/s/km, are observed to be present at several heights near the mesopause. Such strong mean shear profiles, together with the Brunt‐Väisälä frequency squared N<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> profiles, act collectively to produce dynamical instability regions of local Richardson number <jats:italic>Ri</jats:italic> smaller than 0.25. These regions are found to correlate well with the saturated gravity wave spectra. In contrast, the stable region of local Richardson number <jats:italic>Ri</jats:italic> larger than 0.4 observed at high latitude in winter is found to associate with an unsaturated gravity wave spectrum.</jats:p> Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
| spellingShingle | Wu, Y. F., Xu, Jiyao, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models, Paleontology, Space and Planetary Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Atmospheric Science, Earth-Surface Processes, Geochemistry and Petrology, Soil Science, Water Science and Technology, Ecology, Aquatic Science, Forestry, Oceanography, Geophysics |
| title | Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| title_full | Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| title_short | Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| title_sort | comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| title_unstemmed | Comparison of horizontal velocity spectra derived from chaff rockets with saturation models |
| topic | Paleontology, Space and Planetary Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Atmospheric Science, Earth-Surface Processes, Geochemistry and Petrology, Soil Science, Water Science and Technology, Ecology, Aquatic Science, Forestry, Oceanography, Geophysics |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005jd006065 |