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Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | British Journal of Nutrition |
|---|---|
| Personen und Körperschaften: | , , , , , , |
| In: | British Journal of Nutrition, 110, 2013, 8, S. 1384-1393 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
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| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
Bristow, Sarah M. Bolland, Mark J. MacLennan, Graeme S. Avenell, Alison Grey, Andrew Gamble, Greg D. Reid, Ian R. Bristow, Sarah M. Bolland, Mark J. MacLennan, Graeme S. Avenell, Alison Grey, Andrew Gamble, Greg D. Reid, Ian R. |
|---|---|
| author |
Bristow, Sarah M. Bolland, Mark J. MacLennan, Graeme S. Avenell, Alison Grey, Andrew Gamble, Greg D. Reid, Ian R. |
| spellingShingle |
Bristow, Sarah M. Bolland, Mark J. MacLennan, Graeme S. Avenell, Alison Grey, Andrew Gamble, Greg D. Reid, Ian R. British Journal of Nutrition Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials Nutrition and Dietetics Medicine (miscellaneous) |
| author_sort |
bristow, sarah m. |
| spelling |
Bristow, Sarah M. Bolland, Mark J. MacLennan, Graeme S. Avenell, Alison Grey, Andrew Gamble, Greg D. Reid, Ian R. 0007-1145 1475-2662 Cambridge University Press (CUP) Nutrition and Dietetics Medicine (miscellaneous) http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114513001050 <jats:p>Some evidence suggests that Ca and vitamin D supplements affect cancer risk; however, it is uncertain whether the effects are due to Ca, vitamin D or the combination. We investigated the effect of Ca supplements without co-administered vitamin D on cancer risk. Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, reference lists of meta-analyses and two clinical trial registries were searched for randomised, placebo-controlled trials of Ca supplements ( ≥ 500 mg/d), with ≥ 100 participants and duration >1 year. The lead authors of eligible trials supplied data on cancer outcomes. Trial-level data were analysed using random-effects meta-analyses and patient-level data using Cox proportional hazards models. A total of sixteen trials were eligible, six had no data available, ten provided trial-level data (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> 10 496, mean duration 3·9 years), and of these, four provided patient-level data (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> 7221, median duration 3·5 years). In the meta-analysis of trial-level data, allocation to Ca did not alter the risk of total cancer (relative risk 0·95, 95 % CI 0·76, 1·18, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·63), colorectal cancer (relative risk 1·38, 95 % CI 0·89, 2·15, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·15), breast cancer (relative risk 1·01, 95 % CI 0·64, 1·59, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·97) or cancer-related mortality (relative risk 0·96, 95 % CI 0·74, 1·24, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·75), but reduced the risk of prostate cancer (relative risk 0·54, 95 % CI 0·30, 0·96, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·03), although there were few events. The meta-analysis of patient-level data showed similar results, with no effect of Ca on the risk of total cancer (hazard ratio 1·07, 95 % CI 0·89, 1·28, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·50). Ca supplements without co-administered vitamin D did not alter total cancer risk over 4 years, although the meta-analysis lacked power to detect very small effects, or those with a longer latency.</jats:p> Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials British Journal of Nutrition |
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| title |
Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| title_unstemmed |
Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| title_full |
Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| title_fullStr |
Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| title_short |
Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| title_sort |
calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| topic |
Nutrition and Dietetics Medicine (miscellaneous) |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114513001050 |
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2013 |
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1384-1393 |
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<jats:p>Some evidence suggests that Ca and vitamin D supplements affect cancer risk; however, it is uncertain whether the effects are due to Ca, vitamin D or the combination. We investigated the effect of Ca supplements without co-administered vitamin D on cancer risk. Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, reference lists of meta-analyses and two clinical trial registries were searched for randomised, placebo-controlled trials of Ca supplements ( ≥ 500 mg/d), with ≥ 100 participants and duration >1 year. The lead authors of eligible trials supplied data on cancer outcomes. Trial-level data were analysed using random-effects meta-analyses and patient-level data using Cox proportional hazards models. A total of sixteen trials were eligible, six had no data available, ten provided trial-level data (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> 10 496, mean duration 3·9 years), and of these, four provided patient-level data (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> 7221, median duration 3·5 years). In the meta-analysis of trial-level data, allocation to Ca did not alter the risk of total cancer (relative risk 0·95, 95 % CI 0·76, 1·18, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·63), colorectal cancer (relative risk 1·38, 95 % CI 0·89, 2·15, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·15), breast cancer (relative risk 1·01, 95 % CI 0·64, 1·59, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·97) or cancer-related mortality (relative risk 0·96, 95 % CI 0·74, 1·24, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·75), but reduced the risk of prostate cancer (relative risk 0·54, 95 % CI 0·30, 0·96, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·03), although there were few events. The meta-analysis of patient-level data showed similar results, with no effect of Ca on the risk of total cancer (hazard ratio 1·07, 95 % CI 0·89, 1·28, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·50). Ca supplements without co-administered vitamin D did not alter total cancer risk over 4 years, although the meta-analysis lacked power to detect very small effects, or those with a longer latency.</jats:p> |
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| author | Bristow, Sarah M., Bolland, Mark J., MacLennan, Graeme S., Avenell, Alison, Grey, Andrew, Gamble, Greg D., Reid, Ian R. |
| author_facet | Bristow, Sarah M., Bolland, Mark J., MacLennan, Graeme S., Avenell, Alison, Grey, Andrew, Gamble, Greg D., Reid, Ian R., Bristow, Sarah M., Bolland, Mark J., MacLennan, Graeme S., Avenell, Alison, Grey, Andrew, Gamble, Greg D., Reid, Ian R. |
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| description | <jats:p>Some evidence suggests that Ca and vitamin D supplements affect cancer risk; however, it is uncertain whether the effects are due to Ca, vitamin D or the combination. We investigated the effect of Ca supplements without co-administered vitamin D on cancer risk. Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, reference lists of meta-analyses and two clinical trial registries were searched for randomised, placebo-controlled trials of Ca supplements ( ≥ 500 mg/d), with ≥ 100 participants and duration >1 year. The lead authors of eligible trials supplied data on cancer outcomes. Trial-level data were analysed using random-effects meta-analyses and patient-level data using Cox proportional hazards models. A total of sixteen trials were eligible, six had no data available, ten provided trial-level data (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> 10 496, mean duration 3·9 years), and of these, four provided patient-level data (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> 7221, median duration 3·5 years). In the meta-analysis of trial-level data, allocation to Ca did not alter the risk of total cancer (relative risk 0·95, 95 % CI 0·76, 1·18, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·63), colorectal cancer (relative risk 1·38, 95 % CI 0·89, 2·15, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·15), breast cancer (relative risk 1·01, 95 % CI 0·64, 1·59, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·97) or cancer-related mortality (relative risk 0·96, 95 % CI 0·74, 1·24, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·75), but reduced the risk of prostate cancer (relative risk 0·54, 95 % CI 0·30, 0·96, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·03), although there were few events. The meta-analysis of patient-level data showed similar results, with no effect of Ca on the risk of total cancer (hazard ratio 1·07, 95 % CI 0·89, 1·28, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·50). Ca supplements without co-administered vitamin D did not alter total cancer risk over 4 years, although the meta-analysis lacked power to detect very small effects, or those with a longer latency.</jats:p> |
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| spelling | Bristow, Sarah M. Bolland, Mark J. MacLennan, Graeme S. Avenell, Alison Grey, Andrew Gamble, Greg D. Reid, Ian R. 0007-1145 1475-2662 Cambridge University Press (CUP) Nutrition and Dietetics Medicine (miscellaneous) http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114513001050 <jats:p>Some evidence suggests that Ca and vitamin D supplements affect cancer risk; however, it is uncertain whether the effects are due to Ca, vitamin D or the combination. We investigated the effect of Ca supplements without co-administered vitamin D on cancer risk. Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, reference lists of meta-analyses and two clinical trial registries were searched for randomised, placebo-controlled trials of Ca supplements ( ≥ 500 mg/d), with ≥ 100 participants and duration >1 year. The lead authors of eligible trials supplied data on cancer outcomes. Trial-level data were analysed using random-effects meta-analyses and patient-level data using Cox proportional hazards models. A total of sixteen trials were eligible, six had no data available, ten provided trial-level data (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> 10 496, mean duration 3·9 years), and of these, four provided patient-level data (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> 7221, median duration 3·5 years). In the meta-analysis of trial-level data, allocation to Ca did not alter the risk of total cancer (relative risk 0·95, 95 % CI 0·76, 1·18, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·63), colorectal cancer (relative risk 1·38, 95 % CI 0·89, 2·15, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·15), breast cancer (relative risk 1·01, 95 % CI 0·64, 1·59, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·97) or cancer-related mortality (relative risk 0·96, 95 % CI 0·74, 1·24, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·75), but reduced the risk of prostate cancer (relative risk 0·54, 95 % CI 0·30, 0·96, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·03), although there were few events. The meta-analysis of patient-level data showed similar results, with no effect of Ca on the risk of total cancer (hazard ratio 1·07, 95 % CI 0·89, 1·28, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0·50). Ca supplements without co-administered vitamin D did not alter total cancer risk over 4 years, although the meta-analysis lacked power to detect very small effects, or those with a longer latency.</jats:p> Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials British Journal of Nutrition |
| spellingShingle | Bristow, Sarah M., Bolland, Mark J., MacLennan, Graeme S., Avenell, Alison, Grey, Andrew, Gamble, Greg D., Reid, Ian R., British Journal of Nutrition, Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials, Nutrition and Dietetics, Medicine (miscellaneous) |
| title | Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| title_full | Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| title_fullStr | Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| title_short | Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| title_sort | calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| title_unstemmed | Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials |
| topic | Nutrition and Dietetics, Medicine (miscellaneous) |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114513001050 |