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Southern Ocean CO2 sink: The contribution of the sea ice
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
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| Personen und Körperschaften: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| In: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119, 2014, 9, S. 6340-6355 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
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| Schlagwörter: |
| Zusammenfassung: | <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>We report first direct measurements of the partial pressure of CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> (pCO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) within Antarctic pack sea ice brines and related CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> fluxes across the air‐ice interface. From late winter to summer, brines encased in the ice change from a CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> large oversaturation, relative to the atmosphere, to a marked undersaturation while the underlying oceanic waters remains slightly oversaturated. The decrease from winter to summer of pCO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> in the brines is driven by dilution with melting ice, dissolution of carbonate crystals, and net primary production. As the ice warms, its permeability increases, allowing CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> transfer at the air‐sea ice interface. The sea ice changes from a transient source to a sink for atmospheric CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>. We upscale these observations to the whole Antarctic sea ice cover using the NEMO‐LIM3 large‐scale sea ice‐ocean and provide first estimates of spring and summer CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> uptake from the atmosphere by Antarctic sea ice. Over the spring‐summer period, the Antarctic sea ice cover is a net sink of atmospheric CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> of 0.029 Pg C, about 58% of the estimated annual uptake from the Southern Ocean. Sea ice then contributes significantly to the sink of CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> of the Southern Ocean.</jats:p> |
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| Umfang: | 6340-6355 |
| ISSN: |
2169-9275
2169-9291 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/2014jc009941 |