author_facet Panwalkar, Pooja
Pratt, Drew
Chung, Chan
Dang, Derek
Le, Paul
Martinez, Daniel
Bayliss, Jill M
Smith, Kyle S
Adam, Mike
Potter, Steven
Northcott, Paul A
Mascarenhas, Leo
Shows, Jared
Pawel, Bruce
Margol, Ashley
Huang, Annie
Judkins, Alexander R
Venneti, Sriram
Panwalkar, Pooja
Pratt, Drew
Chung, Chan
Dang, Derek
Le, Paul
Martinez, Daniel
Bayliss, Jill M
Smith, Kyle S
Adam, Mike
Potter, Steven
Northcott, Paul A
Mascarenhas, Leo
Shows, Jared
Pawel, Bruce
Margol, Ashley
Huang, Annie
Judkins, Alexander R
Venneti, Sriram
author Panwalkar, Pooja
Pratt, Drew
Chung, Chan
Dang, Derek
Le, Paul
Martinez, Daniel
Bayliss, Jill M
Smith, Kyle S
Adam, Mike
Potter, Steven
Northcott, Paul A
Mascarenhas, Leo
Shows, Jared
Pawel, Bruce
Margol, Ashley
Huang, Annie
Judkins, Alexander R
Venneti, Sriram
spellingShingle Panwalkar, Pooja
Pratt, Drew
Chung, Chan
Dang, Derek
Le, Paul
Martinez, Daniel
Bayliss, Jill M
Smith, Kyle S
Adam, Mike
Potter, Steven
Northcott, Paul A
Mascarenhas, Leo
Shows, Jared
Pawel, Bruce
Margol, Ashley
Huang, Annie
Judkins, Alexander R
Venneti, Sriram
Neuro-Oncology
SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
Cancer Research
Neurology (clinical)
Oncology
author_sort panwalkar, pooja
spelling Panwalkar, Pooja Pratt, Drew Chung, Chan Dang, Derek Le, Paul Martinez, Daniel Bayliss, Jill M Smith, Kyle S Adam, Mike Potter, Steven Northcott, Paul A Mascarenhas, Leo Shows, Jared Pawel, Bruce Margol, Ashley Huang, Annie Judkins, Alexander R Venneti, Sriram 1522-8517 1523-5866 Oxford University Press (OUP) Cancer Research Neurology (clinical) Oncology http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa004 <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Rhabdoid tumors (RTs) arise within (atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor [AT/RT]) or outside the brain (extra [e]CNS-RT) and are driven mainly by inactivation of the SWItch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) complex subunit SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1 (SMARCB1). A pathognomonic hallmark of RTs is heterogeneous multilineage differentiation, including anomalous neuronal differentiation in some eCNS-RTs. Because remodeling of the SWI/SNF complex regulates differentiation, we hypothesized that SWI/SNF Brahma-associated factors (BAF) and polybromo-associated BAF (PBAF) complex heterogeneity are related to both multilineage differentiation and clinical outcome.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>We performed an integrated analysis of SWI/SNF complex alterations in the developing kidney and cerebellum (most common regions of RT origin) in comparison to eCNS-RT (n = 14) and AT/RT (n = 25) tumors. RT samples were interrogated using immunohistochemistry, DNA methylation, and gene expression analyses.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>The SWI/SNF BAF paralogs actin-like protein (ACTL)6A and ACTL6B were expressed in a mutually exclusive manner in the developing cerebellum and kidney. In contrast, a subset of eCNS-RTs lost mutual exclusivity and coexpressed both subunits. These tumors showed aberrant DNA methylation of genes that regulate neuronal and renal development and demonstrated immunohistochemical evidence of neuronal differentiation. In addition, low expression of the PBAF subunit polybromo-1 (PBRM1) identified a group of AT/RTs in younger children with better overall prognosis. PBRM1-low AT/RT and eCNS-RTs showed altered DNA methylation and gene expression in immune-related genes. PBRM1 knockdown resulted in lowering immunosuppressive cytokines, and PBRM1 levels in tumor samples showed an inverse relationship with cluster of differentiation (CD)8 cytotoxic T-cell infiltration.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>Heterogeneity in SWI/SNF BAF (ACTL6A/ACTL6B) and PBAF (PBRM1) subunits is related to histogenesis, contributes to the immune microenvironment and prognosis in RTs, and may inform opportunities to develop immunotherapies.</jats:p> </jats:sec> SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors Neuro-Oncology
doi_str_mv 10.1093/neuonc/noaa004
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series Neuro-Oncology
source_id 49
title SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
title_unstemmed SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
title_full SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
title_fullStr SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
title_full_unstemmed SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
title_short SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
title_sort swi/snf complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
topic Cancer Research
Neurology (clinical)
Oncology
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa004
publishDate 2020
physical 785-796
description <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Rhabdoid tumors (RTs) arise within (atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor [AT/RT]) or outside the brain (extra [e]CNS-RT) and are driven mainly by inactivation of the SWItch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) complex subunit SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1 (SMARCB1). A pathognomonic hallmark of RTs is heterogeneous multilineage differentiation, including anomalous neuronal differentiation in some eCNS-RTs. Because remodeling of the SWI/SNF complex regulates differentiation, we hypothesized that SWI/SNF Brahma-associated factors (BAF) and polybromo-associated BAF (PBAF) complex heterogeneity are related to both multilineage differentiation and clinical outcome.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>We performed an integrated analysis of SWI/SNF complex alterations in the developing kidney and cerebellum (most common regions of RT origin) in comparison to eCNS-RT (n = 14) and AT/RT (n = 25) tumors. RT samples were interrogated using immunohistochemistry, DNA methylation, and gene expression analyses.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>The SWI/SNF BAF paralogs actin-like protein (ACTL)6A and ACTL6B were expressed in a mutually exclusive manner in the developing cerebellum and kidney. In contrast, a subset of eCNS-RTs lost mutual exclusivity and coexpressed both subunits. These tumors showed aberrant DNA methylation of genes that regulate neuronal and renal development and demonstrated immunohistochemical evidence of neuronal differentiation. In addition, low expression of the PBAF subunit polybromo-1 (PBRM1) identified a group of AT/RTs in younger children with better overall prognosis. PBRM1-low AT/RT and eCNS-RTs showed altered DNA methylation and gene expression in immune-related genes. PBRM1 knockdown resulted in lowering immunosuppressive cytokines, and PBRM1 levels in tumor samples showed an inverse relationship with cluster of differentiation (CD)8 cytotoxic T-cell infiltration.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>Heterogeneity in SWI/SNF BAF (ACTL6A/ACTL6B) and PBAF (PBRM1) subunits is related to histogenesis, contributes to the immune microenvironment and prognosis in RTs, and may inform opportunities to develop immunotherapies.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
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author Panwalkar, Pooja, Pratt, Drew, Chung, Chan, Dang, Derek, Le, Paul, Martinez, Daniel, Bayliss, Jill M, Smith, Kyle S, Adam, Mike, Potter, Steven, Northcott, Paul A, Mascarenhas, Leo, Shows, Jared, Pawel, Bruce, Margol, Ashley, Huang, Annie, Judkins, Alexander R, Venneti, Sriram
author_facet Panwalkar, Pooja, Pratt, Drew, Chung, Chan, Dang, Derek, Le, Paul, Martinez, Daniel, Bayliss, Jill M, Smith, Kyle S, Adam, Mike, Potter, Steven, Northcott, Paul A, Mascarenhas, Leo, Shows, Jared, Pawel, Bruce, Margol, Ashley, Huang, Annie, Judkins, Alexander R, Venneti, Sriram, Panwalkar, Pooja, Pratt, Drew, Chung, Chan, Dang, Derek, Le, Paul, Martinez, Daniel, Bayliss, Jill M, Smith, Kyle S, Adam, Mike, Potter, Steven, Northcott, Paul A, Mascarenhas, Leo, Shows, Jared, Pawel, Bruce, Margol, Ashley, Huang, Annie, Judkins, Alexander R, Venneti, Sriram
author_sort panwalkar, pooja
container_issue 6
container_start_page 785
container_title Neuro-Oncology
container_volume 22
description <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Rhabdoid tumors (RTs) arise within (atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor [AT/RT]) or outside the brain (extra [e]CNS-RT) and are driven mainly by inactivation of the SWItch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) complex subunit SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1 (SMARCB1). A pathognomonic hallmark of RTs is heterogeneous multilineage differentiation, including anomalous neuronal differentiation in some eCNS-RTs. Because remodeling of the SWI/SNF complex regulates differentiation, we hypothesized that SWI/SNF Brahma-associated factors (BAF) and polybromo-associated BAF (PBAF) complex heterogeneity are related to both multilineage differentiation and clinical outcome.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>We performed an integrated analysis of SWI/SNF complex alterations in the developing kidney and cerebellum (most common regions of RT origin) in comparison to eCNS-RT (n = 14) and AT/RT (n = 25) tumors. RT samples were interrogated using immunohistochemistry, DNA methylation, and gene expression analyses.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>The SWI/SNF BAF paralogs actin-like protein (ACTL)6A and ACTL6B were expressed in a mutually exclusive manner in the developing cerebellum and kidney. In contrast, a subset of eCNS-RTs lost mutual exclusivity and coexpressed both subunits. These tumors showed aberrant DNA methylation of genes that regulate neuronal and renal development and demonstrated immunohistochemical evidence of neuronal differentiation. In addition, low expression of the PBAF subunit polybromo-1 (PBRM1) identified a group of AT/RTs in younger children with better overall prognosis. PBRM1-low AT/RT and eCNS-RTs showed altered DNA methylation and gene expression in immune-related genes. PBRM1 knockdown resulted in lowering immunosuppressive cytokines, and PBRM1 levels in tumor samples showed an inverse relationship with cluster of differentiation (CD)8 cytotoxic T-cell infiltration.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>Heterogeneity in SWI/SNF BAF (ACTL6A/ACTL6B) and PBAF (PBRM1) subunits is related to histogenesis, contributes to the immune microenvironment and prognosis in RTs, and may inform opportunities to develop immunotherapies.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
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imprint_str_mv Oxford University Press (OUP), 2020
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spelling Panwalkar, Pooja Pratt, Drew Chung, Chan Dang, Derek Le, Paul Martinez, Daniel Bayliss, Jill M Smith, Kyle S Adam, Mike Potter, Steven Northcott, Paul A Mascarenhas, Leo Shows, Jared Pawel, Bruce Margol, Ashley Huang, Annie Judkins, Alexander R Venneti, Sriram 1522-8517 1523-5866 Oxford University Press (OUP) Cancer Research Neurology (clinical) Oncology http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa004 <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Rhabdoid tumors (RTs) arise within (atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor [AT/RT]) or outside the brain (extra [e]CNS-RT) and are driven mainly by inactivation of the SWItch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) complex subunit SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1 (SMARCB1). A pathognomonic hallmark of RTs is heterogeneous multilineage differentiation, including anomalous neuronal differentiation in some eCNS-RTs. Because remodeling of the SWI/SNF complex regulates differentiation, we hypothesized that SWI/SNF Brahma-associated factors (BAF) and polybromo-associated BAF (PBAF) complex heterogeneity are related to both multilineage differentiation and clinical outcome.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>We performed an integrated analysis of SWI/SNF complex alterations in the developing kidney and cerebellum (most common regions of RT origin) in comparison to eCNS-RT (n = 14) and AT/RT (n = 25) tumors. RT samples were interrogated using immunohistochemistry, DNA methylation, and gene expression analyses.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>The SWI/SNF BAF paralogs actin-like protein (ACTL)6A and ACTL6B were expressed in a mutually exclusive manner in the developing cerebellum and kidney. In contrast, a subset of eCNS-RTs lost mutual exclusivity and coexpressed both subunits. These tumors showed aberrant DNA methylation of genes that regulate neuronal and renal development and demonstrated immunohistochemical evidence of neuronal differentiation. In addition, low expression of the PBAF subunit polybromo-1 (PBRM1) identified a group of AT/RTs in younger children with better overall prognosis. PBRM1-low AT/RT and eCNS-RTs showed altered DNA methylation and gene expression in immune-related genes. PBRM1 knockdown resulted in lowering immunosuppressive cytokines, and PBRM1 levels in tumor samples showed an inverse relationship with cluster of differentiation (CD)8 cytotoxic T-cell infiltration.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>Heterogeneity in SWI/SNF BAF (ACTL6A/ACTL6B) and PBAF (PBRM1) subunits is related to histogenesis, contributes to the immune microenvironment and prognosis in RTs, and may inform opportunities to develop immunotherapies.</jats:p> </jats:sec> SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors Neuro-Oncology
spellingShingle Panwalkar, Pooja, Pratt, Drew, Chung, Chan, Dang, Derek, Le, Paul, Martinez, Daniel, Bayliss, Jill M, Smith, Kyle S, Adam, Mike, Potter, Steven, Northcott, Paul A, Mascarenhas, Leo, Shows, Jared, Pawel, Bruce, Margol, Ashley, Huang, Annie, Judkins, Alexander R, Venneti, Sriram, Neuro-Oncology, SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors, Cancer Research, Neurology (clinical), Oncology
title SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
title_full SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
title_fullStr SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
title_full_unstemmed SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
title_short SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
title_sort swi/snf complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
title_unstemmed SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors
topic Cancer Research, Neurology (clinical), Oncology
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa004