author_facet Melzer, Werner
Melzer, Werner
author Melzer, Werner
spellingShingle Melzer, Werner
Journal of General Physiology
No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid
Physiology
author_sort melzer, werner
spelling Melzer, Werner 0022-1295 1540-7748 Rockefeller University Press Physiology http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201812084 <jats:p>Calcium ions control multiple physiological functions by binding to extracellular and intracellular targets. One of the best-studied Ca2+-dependent functions is contraction of smooth and striated muscle tissue, which results from Ca2+ ligation to calmodulin and troponin C, respectively. Ca2+ signaling typically involves flux of the ion across membranes via specifically gated channel proteins. Because calcium ions are charged, they possess the ability to generate changes in the respective transmembrane voltage. Ca2+-dependent voltage alterations of the surface membrane are easily measured using microelectrodes. A well-known example is the characteristic plateau phase of the action potential in cardiac ventricular cells that results from the opening of voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channels. Ca2+ ions are also released from intracellular storage compartments in many cells, but these membranes are not accessible to direct voltage recording with microelectrodes. In muscle, for example, release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) to the myoplasm constitutes a flux that is considerably larger than the entry flux from the extracellular space. Whether this flux is accompanied by a voltage change across the SR membrane is an obvious question of mechanistic importance and has been the subject of many investigations. Because the tiny spaces enclosed by the SR membrane are inaccessible to microelectrodes, alternative methods have to be applied. In a study by Sanchez et al. (2018. J. Gen. Physiol. https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201812035) in this issue, modern confocal light microscopy and genetically encoded voltage probes targeted to the SR were applied in a new approach to search for changes in the membrane potential of the SR during Ca2+ release.</jats:p> No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid Journal of General Physiology
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title No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid
title_unstemmed No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid
title_full No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid
title_fullStr No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid
title_full_unstemmed No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid
title_short No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid
title_sort no voltage change at skeletal muscle sr membrane during ca2+ release—just mermaids on acid
topic Physiology
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201812084
publishDate 2018
physical 1055-1058
description <jats:p>Calcium ions control multiple physiological functions by binding to extracellular and intracellular targets. One of the best-studied Ca2+-dependent functions is contraction of smooth and striated muscle tissue, which results from Ca2+ ligation to calmodulin and troponin C, respectively. Ca2+ signaling typically involves flux of the ion across membranes via specifically gated channel proteins. Because calcium ions are charged, they possess the ability to generate changes in the respective transmembrane voltage. Ca2+-dependent voltage alterations of the surface membrane are easily measured using microelectrodes. A well-known example is the characteristic plateau phase of the action potential in cardiac ventricular cells that results from the opening of voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channels. Ca2+ ions are also released from intracellular storage compartments in many cells, but these membranes are not accessible to direct voltage recording with microelectrodes. In muscle, for example, release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) to the myoplasm constitutes a flux that is considerably larger than the entry flux from the extracellular space. Whether this flux is accompanied by a voltage change across the SR membrane is an obvious question of mechanistic importance and has been the subject of many investigations. Because the tiny spaces enclosed by the SR membrane are inaccessible to microelectrodes, alternative methods have to be applied. In a study by Sanchez et al. (2018. J. Gen. Physiol. https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201812035) in this issue, modern confocal light microscopy and genetically encoded voltage probes targeted to the SR were applied in a new approach to search for changes in the membrane potential of the SR during Ca2+ release.</jats:p>
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author Melzer, Werner
author_facet Melzer, Werner, Melzer, Werner
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description <jats:p>Calcium ions control multiple physiological functions by binding to extracellular and intracellular targets. One of the best-studied Ca2+-dependent functions is contraction of smooth and striated muscle tissue, which results from Ca2+ ligation to calmodulin and troponin C, respectively. Ca2+ signaling typically involves flux of the ion across membranes via specifically gated channel proteins. Because calcium ions are charged, they possess the ability to generate changes in the respective transmembrane voltage. Ca2+-dependent voltage alterations of the surface membrane are easily measured using microelectrodes. A well-known example is the characteristic plateau phase of the action potential in cardiac ventricular cells that results from the opening of voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channels. Ca2+ ions are also released from intracellular storage compartments in many cells, but these membranes are not accessible to direct voltage recording with microelectrodes. In muscle, for example, release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) to the myoplasm constitutes a flux that is considerably larger than the entry flux from the extracellular space. Whether this flux is accompanied by a voltage change across the SR membrane is an obvious question of mechanistic importance and has been the subject of many investigations. Because the tiny spaces enclosed by the SR membrane are inaccessible to microelectrodes, alternative methods have to be applied. In a study by Sanchez et al. (2018. J. Gen. Physiol. https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201812035) in this issue, modern confocal light microscopy and genetically encoded voltage probes targeted to the SR were applied in a new approach to search for changes in the membrane potential of the SR during Ca2+ release.</jats:p>
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spelling Melzer, Werner 0022-1295 1540-7748 Rockefeller University Press Physiology http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201812084 <jats:p>Calcium ions control multiple physiological functions by binding to extracellular and intracellular targets. One of the best-studied Ca2+-dependent functions is contraction of smooth and striated muscle tissue, which results from Ca2+ ligation to calmodulin and troponin C, respectively. Ca2+ signaling typically involves flux of the ion across membranes via specifically gated channel proteins. Because calcium ions are charged, they possess the ability to generate changes in the respective transmembrane voltage. Ca2+-dependent voltage alterations of the surface membrane are easily measured using microelectrodes. A well-known example is the characteristic plateau phase of the action potential in cardiac ventricular cells that results from the opening of voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channels. Ca2+ ions are also released from intracellular storage compartments in many cells, but these membranes are not accessible to direct voltage recording with microelectrodes. In muscle, for example, release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) to the myoplasm constitutes a flux that is considerably larger than the entry flux from the extracellular space. Whether this flux is accompanied by a voltage change across the SR membrane is an obvious question of mechanistic importance and has been the subject of many investigations. Because the tiny spaces enclosed by the SR membrane are inaccessible to microelectrodes, alternative methods have to be applied. In a study by Sanchez et al. (2018. J. Gen. Physiol. https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201812035) in this issue, modern confocal light microscopy and genetically encoded voltage probes targeted to the SR were applied in a new approach to search for changes in the membrane potential of the SR during Ca2+ release.</jats:p> No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid Journal of General Physiology
spellingShingle Melzer, Werner, Journal of General Physiology, No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid, Physiology
title No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid
title_full No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid
title_fullStr No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid
title_full_unstemmed No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid
title_short No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid
title_sort no voltage change at skeletal muscle sr membrane during ca2+ release—just mermaids on acid
title_unstemmed No voltage change at skeletal muscle SR membrane during Ca2+ release—just Mermaids on acid
topic Physiology
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201812084