author_facet Zhang, Li-Mei
Offre, Pierre R.
He, Ji-Zheng
Verhamme, Daniel T.
Nicol, Graeme W.
Prosser, James I.
Zhang, Li-Mei
Offre, Pierre R.
He, Ji-Zheng
Verhamme, Daniel T.
Nicol, Graeme W.
Prosser, James I.
author Zhang, Li-Mei
Offre, Pierre R.
He, Ji-Zheng
Verhamme, Daniel T.
Nicol, Graeme W.
Prosser, James I.
spellingShingle Zhang, Li-Mei
Offre, Pierre R.
He, Ji-Zheng
Verhamme, Daniel T.
Nicol, Graeme W.
Prosser, James I.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
Multidisciplinary
author_sort zhang, li-mei
spelling Zhang, Li-Mei Offre, Pierre R. He, Ji-Zheng Verhamme, Daniel T. Nicol, Graeme W. Prosser, James I. 0027-8424 1091-6490 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Multidisciplinary http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1004947107 <jats:p> Nitrification plays a central role in the global nitrogen cycle and is responsible for significant losses of nitrogen fertilizer, atmospheric pollution by the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide, and nitrate pollution of groundwaters. Ammonia oxidation, the first step in nitrification, was thought to be performed by autotrophic bacteria until the recent discovery of archaeal ammonia oxidizers. Autotrophic archaeal ammonia oxidizers have been cultivated from marine and thermal spring environments, but the relative importance of bacteria and archaea in soil nitrification is unclear and it is believed that soil archaeal ammonia oxidizers may use organic carbon, rather than growing autotrophically. In this soil microcosm study, stable isotope probing was used to demonstrate incorporation of <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C-enriched carbon dioxide into the genomes of thaumarchaea possessing two functional genes: <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> , encoding a subunit of ammonia monooxygenase that catalyses the first step in ammonia oxidation; and <jats:italic>hcd</jats:italic> , a key gene in the autotrophic 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle, which has been found so far only in archaea. Nitrification was accompanied by increases in archaeal <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> gene abundance and changes in <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> gene diversity, but no change was observed in bacterial <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> genes. Archaeal, but not bacterial, <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> genes were also detected in <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C-labeled DNA, demonstrating inorganic CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> fixation by archaeal, but not bacterial, ammonia oxidizers. Autotrophic archaeal ammonia oxidation was further supported by coordinate increases in <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>hcd</jats:italic> gene abundance in <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C-labeled DNA. The results therefore provide direct evidence for a role for archaea in soil ammonia oxidation and demonstrate autotrophic growth of ammonia oxidizing archaea in soil. </jats:p> Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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title Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
title_unstemmed Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
title_full Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
title_fullStr Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
title_full_unstemmed Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
title_short Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
title_sort autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
topic Multidisciplinary
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1004947107
publishDate 2010
physical 17240-17245
description <jats:p> Nitrification plays a central role in the global nitrogen cycle and is responsible for significant losses of nitrogen fertilizer, atmospheric pollution by the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide, and nitrate pollution of groundwaters. Ammonia oxidation, the first step in nitrification, was thought to be performed by autotrophic bacteria until the recent discovery of archaeal ammonia oxidizers. Autotrophic archaeal ammonia oxidizers have been cultivated from marine and thermal spring environments, but the relative importance of bacteria and archaea in soil nitrification is unclear and it is believed that soil archaeal ammonia oxidizers may use organic carbon, rather than growing autotrophically. In this soil microcosm study, stable isotope probing was used to demonstrate incorporation of <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C-enriched carbon dioxide into the genomes of thaumarchaea possessing two functional genes: <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> , encoding a subunit of ammonia monooxygenase that catalyses the first step in ammonia oxidation; and <jats:italic>hcd</jats:italic> , a key gene in the autotrophic 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle, which has been found so far only in archaea. Nitrification was accompanied by increases in archaeal <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> gene abundance and changes in <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> gene diversity, but no change was observed in bacterial <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> genes. Archaeal, but not bacterial, <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> genes were also detected in <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C-labeled DNA, demonstrating inorganic CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> fixation by archaeal, but not bacterial, ammonia oxidizers. Autotrophic archaeal ammonia oxidation was further supported by coordinate increases in <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>hcd</jats:italic> gene abundance in <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C-labeled DNA. The results therefore provide direct evidence for a role for archaea in soil ammonia oxidation and demonstrate autotrophic growth of ammonia oxidizing archaea in soil. </jats:p>
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author Zhang, Li-Mei, Offre, Pierre R., He, Ji-Zheng, Verhamme, Daniel T., Nicol, Graeme W., Prosser, James I.
author_facet Zhang, Li-Mei, Offre, Pierre R., He, Ji-Zheng, Verhamme, Daniel T., Nicol, Graeme W., Prosser, James I., Zhang, Li-Mei, Offre, Pierre R., He, Ji-Zheng, Verhamme, Daniel T., Nicol, Graeme W., Prosser, James I.
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description <jats:p> Nitrification plays a central role in the global nitrogen cycle and is responsible for significant losses of nitrogen fertilizer, atmospheric pollution by the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide, and nitrate pollution of groundwaters. Ammonia oxidation, the first step in nitrification, was thought to be performed by autotrophic bacteria until the recent discovery of archaeal ammonia oxidizers. Autotrophic archaeal ammonia oxidizers have been cultivated from marine and thermal spring environments, but the relative importance of bacteria and archaea in soil nitrification is unclear and it is believed that soil archaeal ammonia oxidizers may use organic carbon, rather than growing autotrophically. In this soil microcosm study, stable isotope probing was used to demonstrate incorporation of <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C-enriched carbon dioxide into the genomes of thaumarchaea possessing two functional genes: <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> , encoding a subunit of ammonia monooxygenase that catalyses the first step in ammonia oxidation; and <jats:italic>hcd</jats:italic> , a key gene in the autotrophic 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle, which has been found so far only in archaea. Nitrification was accompanied by increases in archaeal <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> gene abundance and changes in <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> gene diversity, but no change was observed in bacterial <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> genes. Archaeal, but not bacterial, <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> genes were also detected in <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C-labeled DNA, demonstrating inorganic CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> fixation by archaeal, but not bacterial, ammonia oxidizers. Autotrophic archaeal ammonia oxidation was further supported by coordinate increases in <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>hcd</jats:italic> gene abundance in <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C-labeled DNA. The results therefore provide direct evidence for a role for archaea in soil ammonia oxidation and demonstrate autotrophic growth of ammonia oxidizing archaea in soil. </jats:p>
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spelling Zhang, Li-Mei Offre, Pierre R. He, Ji-Zheng Verhamme, Daniel T. Nicol, Graeme W. Prosser, James I. 0027-8424 1091-6490 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Multidisciplinary http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1004947107 <jats:p> Nitrification plays a central role in the global nitrogen cycle and is responsible for significant losses of nitrogen fertilizer, atmospheric pollution by the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide, and nitrate pollution of groundwaters. Ammonia oxidation, the first step in nitrification, was thought to be performed by autotrophic bacteria until the recent discovery of archaeal ammonia oxidizers. Autotrophic archaeal ammonia oxidizers have been cultivated from marine and thermal spring environments, but the relative importance of bacteria and archaea in soil nitrification is unclear and it is believed that soil archaeal ammonia oxidizers may use organic carbon, rather than growing autotrophically. In this soil microcosm study, stable isotope probing was used to demonstrate incorporation of <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C-enriched carbon dioxide into the genomes of thaumarchaea possessing two functional genes: <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> , encoding a subunit of ammonia monooxygenase that catalyses the first step in ammonia oxidation; and <jats:italic>hcd</jats:italic> , a key gene in the autotrophic 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle, which has been found so far only in archaea. Nitrification was accompanied by increases in archaeal <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> gene abundance and changes in <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> gene diversity, but no change was observed in bacterial <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> genes. Archaeal, but not bacterial, <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> genes were also detected in <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C-labeled DNA, demonstrating inorganic CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> fixation by archaeal, but not bacterial, ammonia oxidizers. Autotrophic archaeal ammonia oxidation was further supported by coordinate increases in <jats:italic>amoA</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>hcd</jats:italic> gene abundance in <jats:sup>13</jats:sup> C-labeled DNA. The results therefore provide direct evidence for a role for archaea in soil ammonia oxidation and demonstrate autotrophic growth of ammonia oxidizing archaea in soil. </jats:p> Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
spellingShingle Zhang, Li-Mei, Offre, Pierre R., He, Ji-Zheng, Verhamme, Daniel T., Nicol, Graeme W., Prosser, James I., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea, Multidisciplinary
title Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
title_full Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
title_fullStr Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
title_full_unstemmed Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
title_short Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
title_sort autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
title_unstemmed Autotrophic ammonia oxidation by soil thaumarchaea
topic Multidisciplinary
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1004947107