author_facet Hartley, C. J.
Newcomb, R. D.
Russell, R. J.
Yong, C. G.
Stevens, J. R.
Yeates, D. K.
La Salle, J.
Oakeshott, J. G.
Hartley, C. J.
Newcomb, R. D.
Russell, R. J.
Yong, C. G.
Stevens, J. R.
Yeates, D. K.
La Salle, J.
Oakeshott, J. G.
author Hartley, C. J.
Newcomb, R. D.
Russell, R. J.
Yong, C. G.
Stevens, J. R.
Yeates, D. K.
La Salle, J.
Oakeshott, J. G.
spellingShingle Hartley, C. J.
Newcomb, R. D.
Russell, R. J.
Yong, C. G.
Stevens, J. R.
Yeates, D. K.
La Salle, J.
Oakeshott, J. G.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
Multidisciplinary
author_sort hartley, c. j.
spelling Hartley, C. J. Newcomb, R. D. Russell, R. J. Yong, C. G. Stevens, J. R. Yeates, D. K. La Salle, J. Oakeshott, J. G. 0027-8424 1091-6490 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Multidisciplinary http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0509590103 <jats:p> Mutations of esterase 3 confer two forms of organophosphate resistance on contemporary Australasian <jats:italic>Lucilia cuprina</jats:italic> . One form, called diazinon resistance, is slightly more effective against commonly used insecticides and is now more prevalent than the other form, called malathion resistance. We report here that the single amino acid replacement associated with diazinon resistance and two replacements associated with malathion resistance also occur in esterase 3 in the sibling species <jats:italic>Lucilia sericata</jats:italic> , suggesting convergent evolution around a finite set of resistance options. We also find parallels between the species in the geographic distributions of the polymorphisms: In both cases, the diazinon-resistance change is absent or rare outside Australasia where insecticide pressure is lower, whereas the changes associated with malathion resistance are widespread. Furthermore, PCR analysis of pinned specimens of Australasian <jats:italic>L. cuprina</jats:italic> collected before the release of organophosphate insecticides reveals no cases of the diazinon-resistance change but several cases of those associated with malathion resistance. Thus, the early outbreak of resistance in this species can be explained by the preexistence of mutant alleles encoding malathion resistance. The pinned specimen analysis also shows much higher genetic diversity at the locus before organophosphate use, suggesting that the subsequent sweep of diazinon resistance in Australasia has compromised the scope for the locus to respond further to the ongoing challenge of the insecticides. </jats:p> Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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title Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
title_unstemmed Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
title_full Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
title_fullStr Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
title_full_unstemmed Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
title_short Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
title_sort amplification of dna from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
topic Multidisciplinary
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0509590103
publishDate 2006
physical 8757-8762
description <jats:p> Mutations of esterase 3 confer two forms of organophosphate resistance on contemporary Australasian <jats:italic>Lucilia cuprina</jats:italic> . One form, called diazinon resistance, is slightly more effective against commonly used insecticides and is now more prevalent than the other form, called malathion resistance. We report here that the single amino acid replacement associated with diazinon resistance and two replacements associated with malathion resistance also occur in esterase 3 in the sibling species <jats:italic>Lucilia sericata</jats:italic> , suggesting convergent evolution around a finite set of resistance options. We also find parallels between the species in the geographic distributions of the polymorphisms: In both cases, the diazinon-resistance change is absent or rare outside Australasia where insecticide pressure is lower, whereas the changes associated with malathion resistance are widespread. Furthermore, PCR analysis of pinned specimens of Australasian <jats:italic>L. cuprina</jats:italic> collected before the release of organophosphate insecticides reveals no cases of the diazinon-resistance change but several cases of those associated with malathion resistance. Thus, the early outbreak of resistance in this species can be explained by the preexistence of mutant alleles encoding malathion resistance. The pinned specimen analysis also shows much higher genetic diversity at the locus before organophosphate use, suggesting that the subsequent sweep of diazinon resistance in Australasia has compromised the scope for the locus to respond further to the ongoing challenge of the insecticides. </jats:p>
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author Hartley, C. J., Newcomb, R. D., Russell, R. J., Yong, C. G., Stevens, J. R., Yeates, D. K., La Salle, J., Oakeshott, J. G.
author_facet Hartley, C. J., Newcomb, R. D., Russell, R. J., Yong, C. G., Stevens, J. R., Yeates, D. K., La Salle, J., Oakeshott, J. G., Hartley, C. J., Newcomb, R. D., Russell, R. J., Yong, C. G., Stevens, J. R., Yeates, D. K., La Salle, J., Oakeshott, J. G.
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description <jats:p> Mutations of esterase 3 confer two forms of organophosphate resistance on contemporary Australasian <jats:italic>Lucilia cuprina</jats:italic> . One form, called diazinon resistance, is slightly more effective against commonly used insecticides and is now more prevalent than the other form, called malathion resistance. We report here that the single amino acid replacement associated with diazinon resistance and two replacements associated with malathion resistance also occur in esterase 3 in the sibling species <jats:italic>Lucilia sericata</jats:italic> , suggesting convergent evolution around a finite set of resistance options. We also find parallels between the species in the geographic distributions of the polymorphisms: In both cases, the diazinon-resistance change is absent or rare outside Australasia where insecticide pressure is lower, whereas the changes associated with malathion resistance are widespread. Furthermore, PCR analysis of pinned specimens of Australasian <jats:italic>L. cuprina</jats:italic> collected before the release of organophosphate insecticides reveals no cases of the diazinon-resistance change but several cases of those associated with malathion resistance. Thus, the early outbreak of resistance in this species can be explained by the preexistence of mutant alleles encoding malathion resistance. The pinned specimen analysis also shows much higher genetic diversity at the locus before organophosphate use, suggesting that the subsequent sweep of diazinon resistance in Australasia has compromised the scope for the locus to respond further to the ongoing challenge of the insecticides. </jats:p>
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spelling Hartley, C. J. Newcomb, R. D. Russell, R. J. Yong, C. G. Stevens, J. R. Yeates, D. K. La Salle, J. Oakeshott, J. G. 0027-8424 1091-6490 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Multidisciplinary http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0509590103 <jats:p> Mutations of esterase 3 confer two forms of organophosphate resistance on contemporary Australasian <jats:italic>Lucilia cuprina</jats:italic> . One form, called diazinon resistance, is slightly more effective against commonly used insecticides and is now more prevalent than the other form, called malathion resistance. We report here that the single amino acid replacement associated with diazinon resistance and two replacements associated with malathion resistance also occur in esterase 3 in the sibling species <jats:italic>Lucilia sericata</jats:italic> , suggesting convergent evolution around a finite set of resistance options. We also find parallels between the species in the geographic distributions of the polymorphisms: In both cases, the diazinon-resistance change is absent or rare outside Australasia where insecticide pressure is lower, whereas the changes associated with malathion resistance are widespread. Furthermore, PCR analysis of pinned specimens of Australasian <jats:italic>L. cuprina</jats:italic> collected before the release of organophosphate insecticides reveals no cases of the diazinon-resistance change but several cases of those associated with malathion resistance. Thus, the early outbreak of resistance in this species can be explained by the preexistence of mutant alleles encoding malathion resistance. The pinned specimen analysis also shows much higher genetic diversity at the locus before organophosphate use, suggesting that the subsequent sweep of diazinon resistance in Australasia has compromised the scope for the locus to respond further to the ongoing challenge of the insecticides. </jats:p> Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
spellingShingle Hartley, C. J., Newcomb, R. D., Russell, R. J., Yong, C. G., Stevens, J. R., Yeates, D. K., La Salle, J., Oakeshott, J. G., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance, Multidisciplinary
title Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
title_full Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
title_fullStr Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
title_full_unstemmed Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
title_short Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
title_sort amplification of dna from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
title_unstemmed Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance
topic Multidisciplinary
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0509590103