author_facet Schmitz
Auza
Koberidze
Rasche
Fischer
Bortesi
Schmitz
Auza
Koberidze
Rasche
Fischer
Bortesi
author Schmitz
Auza
Koberidze
Rasche
Fischer
Bortesi
spellingShingle Schmitz
Auza
Koberidze
Rasche
Fischer
Bortesi
Marine Drugs
Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects
Drug Discovery
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)
Pharmaceutical Science
author_sort schmitz
spelling Schmitz Auza Koberidze Rasche Fischer Bortesi 1660-3397 MDPI AG Drug Discovery Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) Pharmaceutical Science http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17080452 <jats:p>Chitin is an abundant polysaccharide primarily produced as an industrial waste stream during the processing of crustaceans. Despite the limited applications of chitin, there is interest from the medical, agrochemical, food and cosmetic industries because it can be converted into chitosan and partially acetylated chitosan oligomers (COS). These molecules have various useful properties, including antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. The chemical production of COS is environmentally hazardous and it is difficult to control the degree of polymerization and acetylation. These issues can be addressed by using specific enzymes, particularly chitinases, chitosanases and chitin deacetylases, which yield better-defined chitosan and COS mixtures. In this review, we summarize recent chemical and enzymatic approaches for the production of chitosan and COS. We also discuss a design-of-experiments approach for process optimization that could help to enhance enzymatic processes in terms of product yield and product characteristics. This may allow the production of novel COS structures with unique functional properties to further expand the applications of these diverse bioactive molecules.</jats:p> Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects Marine Drugs
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title Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects
title_unstemmed Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects
title_full Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects
title_fullStr Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects
title_full_unstemmed Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects
title_short Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects
title_sort conversion of chitin to defined chitosan oligomers: current status and future prospects
topic Drug Discovery
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)
Pharmaceutical Science
url http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17080452
publishDate 2019
physical 452
description <jats:p>Chitin is an abundant polysaccharide primarily produced as an industrial waste stream during the processing of crustaceans. Despite the limited applications of chitin, there is interest from the medical, agrochemical, food and cosmetic industries because it can be converted into chitosan and partially acetylated chitosan oligomers (COS). These molecules have various useful properties, including antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. The chemical production of COS is environmentally hazardous and it is difficult to control the degree of polymerization and acetylation. These issues can be addressed by using specific enzymes, particularly chitinases, chitosanases and chitin deacetylases, which yield better-defined chitosan and COS mixtures. In this review, we summarize recent chemical and enzymatic approaches for the production of chitosan and COS. We also discuss a design-of-experiments approach for process optimization that could help to enhance enzymatic processes in terms of product yield and product characteristics. This may allow the production of novel COS structures with unique functional properties to further expand the applications of these diverse bioactive molecules.</jats:p>
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author Schmitz, Auza, Koberidze, Rasche, Fischer, Bortesi
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description <jats:p>Chitin is an abundant polysaccharide primarily produced as an industrial waste stream during the processing of crustaceans. Despite the limited applications of chitin, there is interest from the medical, agrochemical, food and cosmetic industries because it can be converted into chitosan and partially acetylated chitosan oligomers (COS). These molecules have various useful properties, including antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. The chemical production of COS is environmentally hazardous and it is difficult to control the degree of polymerization and acetylation. These issues can be addressed by using specific enzymes, particularly chitinases, chitosanases and chitin deacetylases, which yield better-defined chitosan and COS mixtures. In this review, we summarize recent chemical and enzymatic approaches for the production of chitosan and COS. We also discuss a design-of-experiments approach for process optimization that could help to enhance enzymatic processes in terms of product yield and product characteristics. This may allow the production of novel COS structures with unique functional properties to further expand the applications of these diverse bioactive molecules.</jats:p>
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spelling Schmitz Auza Koberidze Rasche Fischer Bortesi 1660-3397 MDPI AG Drug Discovery Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) Pharmaceutical Science http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17080452 <jats:p>Chitin is an abundant polysaccharide primarily produced as an industrial waste stream during the processing of crustaceans. Despite the limited applications of chitin, there is interest from the medical, agrochemical, food and cosmetic industries because it can be converted into chitosan and partially acetylated chitosan oligomers (COS). These molecules have various useful properties, including antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. The chemical production of COS is environmentally hazardous and it is difficult to control the degree of polymerization and acetylation. These issues can be addressed by using specific enzymes, particularly chitinases, chitosanases and chitin deacetylases, which yield better-defined chitosan and COS mixtures. In this review, we summarize recent chemical and enzymatic approaches for the production of chitosan and COS. We also discuss a design-of-experiments approach for process optimization that could help to enhance enzymatic processes in terms of product yield and product characteristics. This may allow the production of novel COS structures with unique functional properties to further expand the applications of these diverse bioactive molecules.</jats:p> Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects Marine Drugs
spellingShingle Schmitz, Auza, Koberidze, Rasche, Fischer, Bortesi, Marine Drugs, Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects, Drug Discovery, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous), Pharmaceutical Science
title Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects
title_full Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects
title_fullStr Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects
title_full_unstemmed Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects
title_short Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects
title_sort conversion of chitin to defined chitosan oligomers: current status and future prospects
title_unstemmed Conversion of Chitin to Defined Chitosan Oligomers: Current Status and Future Prospects
topic Drug Discovery, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous), Pharmaceutical Science
url http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17080452