%0 Electronic Article %A Herring, Belinda L. and Ge, Ying C. and Wang, Bin and Ratnamohan, Mala and Zheng, Frank and Cunningham, Anthony L. and Saksena, Nitin K. and Dwyer, Dominic E. %I American Society for Microbiology %D 2003 %D 2003 %G English %@ 0095-1137 %@ 1098-660X %~ Katalog der Westsächsischen Hochschule Zwickau %T Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia %V 41 %J Journal of Clinical Microbiology %V 41 %N 10 %P 4600-4604 %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.41.10.4600-4604.2003 %X ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine which human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes were circulating in Australia and to correlate the subtypes with risk factors associated with the acquisition of HIV-1 infection. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and HIV-1 env genes were amplified and subtyped using heteroduplex mobility analysis, with selected samples sequenced and phylogenetic analysis performed. The HIV-1 env subtypes were determined for 141 samples, of which 40 were from female patients and 101 were from male patients; 13 samples were from children. Forty-seven patients were infected by homosexual or bisexual contact, 46 were infected through heterosexual contact, 21 were infected from injecting drug use (IDU), 13 were infected by vertical transmission, 8 were infected from nosocomial exposure, and 6 were infected by other modes of transmission, including exposure to blood products, ritualistic practices, and two cases of intrafamilial transmission. Five subtypes were detected; B ( n = 104), A ( n = 5), C ( n = 17), E (CRF01_AE; n = 13), and G ( n = 2). Subtype B predominated in HIV-1 acquired homosexually (94% of cases) and by IDU (100%), whereas non-subtype B infections were mostly seen in heterosexually (57%) or vertically (22%) acquired HIV-1 infections and were usually imported from Africa and Asia. Subtype B strains of group M viruses predominate in Australia in HIV-1 transmitted by homosexual or bisexual contact and IDU. However, non-B subtypes have been introduced, mostly acquired via heterosexual contact. %Z https://www.katalog.fh-zwickau.de/Record/ai-49-aHR0cDovL2R4LmRvaS5vcmcvMTAuMTEyOC9qY20uNDEuMTAuNDYwMC00NjA0LjIwMDM %U https://www.katalog.fh-zwickau.de/Record/ai-49-aHR0cDovL2R4LmRvaS5vcmcvMTAuMTEyOC9qY20uNDEuMTAuNDYwMC00NjA0LjIwMDM