author_facet Herring, Belinda L.
Ge, Ying C.
Wang, Bin
Ratnamohan, Mala
Zheng, Frank
Cunningham, Anthony L.
Saksena, Nitin K.
Dwyer, Dominic E.
Herring, Belinda L.
Ge, Ying C.
Wang, Bin
Ratnamohan, Mala
Zheng, Frank
Cunningham, Anthony L.
Saksena, Nitin K.
Dwyer, Dominic E.
author Herring, Belinda L.
Ge, Ying C.
Wang, Bin
Ratnamohan, Mala
Zheng, Frank
Cunningham, Anthony L.
Saksena, Nitin K.
Dwyer, Dominic E.
spellingShingle Herring, Belinda L.
Ge, Ying C.
Wang, Bin
Ratnamohan, Mala
Zheng, Frank
Cunningham, Anthony L.
Saksena, Nitin K.
Dwyer, Dominic E.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia
Microbiology (medical)
author_sort herring, belinda l.
spelling Herring, Belinda L. Ge, Ying C. Wang, Bin Ratnamohan, Mala Zheng, Frank Cunningham, Anthony L. Saksena, Nitin K. Dwyer, Dominic E. 0095-1137 1098-660X American Society for Microbiology Microbiology (medical) http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.41.10.4600-4604.2003 <jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title> <jats:p> The aim of this study was to determine which human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes were circulating in Australia and to correlate the subtypes with risk factors associated with the acquisition of HIV-1 infection. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and HIV-1 <jats:italic>env</jats:italic> genes were amplified and subtyped using heteroduplex mobility analysis, with selected samples sequenced and phylogenetic analysis performed. The HIV-1 <jats:italic>env</jats:italic> subtypes were determined for 141 samples, of which 40 were from female patients and 101 were from male patients; 13 samples were from children. Forty-seven patients were infected by homosexual or bisexual contact, 46 were infected through heterosexual contact, 21 were infected from injecting drug use (IDU), 13 were infected by vertical transmission, 8 were infected from nosocomial exposure, and 6 were infected by other modes of transmission, including exposure to blood products, ritualistic practices, and two cases of intrafamilial transmission. Five subtypes were detected; B ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 104), A ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 5), C ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 17), E (CRF01_AE; <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 13), and G ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 2). Subtype B predominated in HIV-1 acquired homosexually (94% of cases) and by IDU (100%), whereas non-subtype B infections were mostly seen in heterosexually (57%) or vertically (22%) acquired HIV-1 infections and were usually imported from Africa and Asia. Subtype B strains of group M viruses predominate in Australia in HIV-1 transmitted by homosexual or bisexual contact and IDU. However, non-B subtypes have been introduced, mostly acquired via heterosexual contact. </jats:p> Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia Journal of Clinical Microbiology
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title Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia
title_unstemmed Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia
title_full Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia
title_fullStr Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia
title_full_unstemmed Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia
title_short Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia
title_sort segregation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes by risk factor in australia
topic Microbiology (medical)
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.41.10.4600-4604.2003
publishDate 2003
physical 4600-4604
description <jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title> <jats:p> The aim of this study was to determine which human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes were circulating in Australia and to correlate the subtypes with risk factors associated with the acquisition of HIV-1 infection. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and HIV-1 <jats:italic>env</jats:italic> genes were amplified and subtyped using heteroduplex mobility analysis, with selected samples sequenced and phylogenetic analysis performed. The HIV-1 <jats:italic>env</jats:italic> subtypes were determined for 141 samples, of which 40 were from female patients and 101 were from male patients; 13 samples were from children. Forty-seven patients were infected by homosexual or bisexual contact, 46 were infected through heterosexual contact, 21 were infected from injecting drug use (IDU), 13 were infected by vertical transmission, 8 were infected from nosocomial exposure, and 6 were infected by other modes of transmission, including exposure to blood products, ritualistic practices, and two cases of intrafamilial transmission. Five subtypes were detected; B ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 104), A ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 5), C ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 17), E (CRF01_AE; <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 13), and G ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 2). Subtype B predominated in HIV-1 acquired homosexually (94% of cases) and by IDU (100%), whereas non-subtype B infections were mostly seen in heterosexually (57%) or vertically (22%) acquired HIV-1 infections and were usually imported from Africa and Asia. Subtype B strains of group M viruses predominate in Australia in HIV-1 transmitted by homosexual or bisexual contact and IDU. However, non-B subtypes have been introduced, mostly acquired via heterosexual contact. </jats:p>
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author Herring, Belinda L., Ge, Ying C., Wang, Bin, Ratnamohan, Mala, Zheng, Frank, Cunningham, Anthony L., Saksena, Nitin K., Dwyer, Dominic E.
author_facet Herring, Belinda L., Ge, Ying C., Wang, Bin, Ratnamohan, Mala, Zheng, Frank, Cunningham, Anthony L., Saksena, Nitin K., Dwyer, Dominic E., Herring, Belinda L., Ge, Ying C., Wang, Bin, Ratnamohan, Mala, Zheng, Frank, Cunningham, Anthony L., Saksena, Nitin K., Dwyer, Dominic E.
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container_issue 10
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description <jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title> <jats:p> The aim of this study was to determine which human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes were circulating in Australia and to correlate the subtypes with risk factors associated with the acquisition of HIV-1 infection. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and HIV-1 <jats:italic>env</jats:italic> genes were amplified and subtyped using heteroduplex mobility analysis, with selected samples sequenced and phylogenetic analysis performed. The HIV-1 <jats:italic>env</jats:italic> subtypes were determined for 141 samples, of which 40 were from female patients and 101 were from male patients; 13 samples were from children. Forty-seven patients were infected by homosexual or bisexual contact, 46 were infected through heterosexual contact, 21 were infected from injecting drug use (IDU), 13 were infected by vertical transmission, 8 were infected from nosocomial exposure, and 6 were infected by other modes of transmission, including exposure to blood products, ritualistic practices, and two cases of intrafamilial transmission. Five subtypes were detected; B ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 104), A ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 5), C ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 17), E (CRF01_AE; <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 13), and G ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 2). Subtype B predominated in HIV-1 acquired homosexually (94% of cases) and by IDU (100%), whereas non-subtype B infections were mostly seen in heterosexually (57%) or vertically (22%) acquired HIV-1 infections and were usually imported from Africa and Asia. Subtype B strains of group M viruses predominate in Australia in HIV-1 transmitted by homosexual or bisexual contact and IDU. However, non-B subtypes have been introduced, mostly acquired via heterosexual contact. </jats:p>
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spelling Herring, Belinda L. Ge, Ying C. Wang, Bin Ratnamohan, Mala Zheng, Frank Cunningham, Anthony L. Saksena, Nitin K. Dwyer, Dominic E. 0095-1137 1098-660X American Society for Microbiology Microbiology (medical) http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.41.10.4600-4604.2003 <jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title> <jats:p> The aim of this study was to determine which human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes were circulating in Australia and to correlate the subtypes with risk factors associated with the acquisition of HIV-1 infection. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and HIV-1 <jats:italic>env</jats:italic> genes were amplified and subtyped using heteroduplex mobility analysis, with selected samples sequenced and phylogenetic analysis performed. The HIV-1 <jats:italic>env</jats:italic> subtypes were determined for 141 samples, of which 40 were from female patients and 101 were from male patients; 13 samples were from children. Forty-seven patients were infected by homosexual or bisexual contact, 46 were infected through heterosexual contact, 21 were infected from injecting drug use (IDU), 13 were infected by vertical transmission, 8 were infected from nosocomial exposure, and 6 were infected by other modes of transmission, including exposure to blood products, ritualistic practices, and two cases of intrafamilial transmission. Five subtypes were detected; B ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 104), A ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 5), C ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 17), E (CRF01_AE; <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 13), and G ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 2). Subtype B predominated in HIV-1 acquired homosexually (94% of cases) and by IDU (100%), whereas non-subtype B infections were mostly seen in heterosexually (57%) or vertically (22%) acquired HIV-1 infections and were usually imported from Africa and Asia. Subtype B strains of group M viruses predominate in Australia in HIV-1 transmitted by homosexual or bisexual contact and IDU. However, non-B subtypes have been introduced, mostly acquired via heterosexual contact. </jats:p> Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia Journal of Clinical Microbiology
spellingShingle Herring, Belinda L., Ge, Ying C., Wang, Bin, Ratnamohan, Mala, Zheng, Frank, Cunningham, Anthony L., Saksena, Nitin K., Dwyer, Dominic E., Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia, Microbiology (medical)
title Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia
title_full Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia
title_fullStr Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia
title_full_unstemmed Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia
title_short Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia
title_sort segregation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes by risk factor in australia
title_unstemmed Segregation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by Risk Factor in Australia
topic Microbiology (medical)
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.41.10.4600-4604.2003